Table 2.

Multivariate analysis of new bone formation in transcrestal sinus floor elevation

Factor	New bone formation	P-value
Bone grafting
Yes	2.77 ± 1.35 mm	0.001
No	1.43 ± 0.79 mm
Perforation
Yes	1.34 ± 0.91 mm	0.284
No	1.62 ± 0.96 mm
Smoking status
Smoker	1.68 ± 0.85 mm	0.684
Non-smoker	1.57 ± 0.98 mm
Implant shape
Cylindrical	1.68 ± 1.01 mm	0.200
Conical	1.41 ± 0.83 mm
Number of implants
Single	1.53 ± 0.98 mm	0.478
Double and adjacent	1.70 ± 0.91 mm
Implant protrusion length
3–5 mm	1.74 ± 1.12 mm	0.030
0–3 mm	1.36 ± 0.61 mm
Implant diameter
≤ 4.3 mm	1.61 ± 1.15 mm	0.899
≥ 4.8 mm	1.58 ± 0.91 mm