Table 5.
Oxidative stress biomarker levels in pregnant women patients during various trimesters across different infecting species
| Parameter | Pv | Pf | Mixed infection | P (comparison between III trimester infected species) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Trimester | Trimester | Trimester | ||||||||||
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| I | II | III | I | II | III | I | II | III | Pv versus Pf | Pv versus mixed | Pf versus mixed | |
| n (%) | 18 (37.5) | 17 (35.4) | 13 (27.1) | 2 (15.4) | 9 (69.2) | 2 (15.4) | 2 (20.0) | 6 (60.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0.412 | 0.417 | >0.9999 |
| Hb | 8.7±2.1 | 8.1±1.5 | 6.4±1.5 | 11.0±4.0 | 7.5±2.1 | 3.9±1.0 | 8.6±5.9 | 7.9±1.8 | 6.3±0.7 | 0.0219 | 0.4667 | 0.0467 |
| Parasitemia (%) | 0.3±0.3 | 0.2±0.1 | 0.4±0.2 | 0.4±0.20 | 0.7±0.4 | 0.6±0.6 | 0.5±0.5 | 0.4±0.2 | 0.4±0.2 | 0.0143 | 0.9333 | 0.02 |
| MDA (IU/L) | 1.8±0.7 | 1.5±0.7 | 3.7±1.6 | 0.6±0.8 | 1.5±0.7 | 7.0±1.5 | 1.0±0.8 | 1.8±0.8 | 2.8±2.0 | 0.0044 | 0.4762 | 0.0452 |
| UA (mg/dL) | 6.0±2.3 | 6.6±1.6 | 9.6±3.5 | 2.4±2.3 | 7.1±2.6 | 10.5±1.7 | 4.6±0.8 | 5.7±2.4 | 8.9±2.9 | 0.0451 | 0.9333 | 0.8 |
| SOD (U/mL) | 30.3±7.9 | 33.0±11.0 | 21.9±8.4 | 44.6±5.0 | 30.6±9.9 | 14.0±4.3 | 45.4±3.2 | 33.3±7.2 | 20.3±7.0 | 0.0183 | 0.9333 | 0.04 |
Data represented as mean±SD; comparison of three groups by Kruskal–Wallis test; comparison of two groups by Mann–Whitney U-test; values of P<0.05 was considered to be significant and are highlighted in bold. Hb: Hemoglobin, MDA: Malondialdehyde, UA: Uric acid, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, SD: Standard deviation, Pv: Plasmodium vivax, Pf: Plasmodium falciparum