Table 2.

Summary of Patient and Caregiver Characteristics

A. Caregiver characteristics	Mean (SD) / n (%)
	Overall (n = 1250)		India (n = 250)		Kenya (n = 250)		Singapore (n = 250)		UK (n = 250)		USA (n = 250)
Age in years (Mean [SD])	42.85	15.34	37.49	15.02	32.85	9.2	42.59	11.72	50.74	15.36	50.58	15.68
Female	593	47%	110	44%	94	38%	112	45%	137	55%	140	56%
Marital status
Single / never married	299	24%	71	28%	91	36%	72	29%	42	17%	23	9%
Married / living as a couple / civil partnership	848	68%	177	71%	148	59%	170	68%	168	67%	185	74%
Other	103	8%	2	1%	11	4%	8	3%	40	16%	42	17%
Bachelor’s degree or higher level of education**	385	31%	123	49%	46	18%	48	19%	34	14%	134	54%
Relationship to the patient
Spouse or partner	62	5%	12	5%	3	1%	9	4%	15	6%	23	9%
Parent	203	16%	31	12%	27	11%	48	19%	57	23%	40	16%
Grandparent	197	16%	42	17%	38	15%	47	19%	36	14%	34	14%
Sibling	81	6%	16	6%	12	5%	10	4%	15	6%	28	11%
Child	26	2%	3	1%	3	1%	1	0%	9	4%	10	4%
Close friend	223	18%	36	14%	52	21%	45	18%	47	19%	43	17%
Colleague/co-worker	94	8%	29	12%	21	8%	22	9%	7	3%	15	6%
Other (Aunt/Uncle/Other)	364	29%	81	32%	94	38%	68	27%	64	26%	57	23%
Caregiver was at least somewhat involved in...
Talking with doctors about treatment decisions?	153	12%	12	5%	19	8%	27	11%	51	20%	44	18%
Helping patient get medical care, such as going with them to doctor visits	1,119	90%	236	94%	240	96%	224	90%	209	84%	210	84%
Looking after patient’s day-to-day needs?	1,073	86%	236	94%	230	92%	203	81%	199	80%	205	82%
Time since caregiver first learned of patient’s terminal condition before patient’s death
< 6 months	680	54%	144	58%	141	56%	126	50%	135	54%	134	54%
Between 6 months and 1 yr	281	22%	57	23%	56	22%	53	21%	63	25%	52	21%
Between 1 and 3 yrs	289	23%	49	20%	53	21%	71	28%	52	21%	64	26%
Locus of control for health and healthcare use (% who strongly agree/agree with statements)
I prefer to leave all health care decisions to the doctor.	655	52%	177	71%	126	50%	121	48%	103	41%	128	51%
I am able to help doctors understand what is important to me about my health care.	1,084	87%	224	90%	222	89%	200	80%	211	84%	227	91%
My health depends mostly on luck.	287	23%	81	32%	30	12%	55	22%	61	24%	60	24%
I can do things to improve my health other than what doctors tell me to do.	975	78%	199	80%	174	70%	193	77%	202	81%	207	83%
I want as much information as possible to make decisions about my health care.	1,118	89%	226	90%	235	94%	210	84%	218	87%	229	92%
B. Patient characteristics	Mean (SD) / n (%)
	Overall (n = 1250)		India (n = 250)		Kenya (n = 250)		Singapore (n = 250)		UK (n = 250)		USA (n = 250)
Patients age at death (Mean, SD)	62.41	21.27	55.588	20.938	53.404	21.573	66.51	19.89	70.792	17.015	65.77	21.28
Marital status
Single / never married	168	13%	39	16%	36	14%	43	17%	25	10%	25	10%
Married / living as a couple	728	58%	173	69%	142	57%	151	60%	129	52%	133	53%
Other	354	28%	38	15%	72	29%	56	22%	96	38%	92	37%
Bachelor’s degree or higher level of education**	523	42%	170	68%	92	37%	81	32%	82	33%	98	39%
Time since patient died
< 6 months	473	38%	105	42%	110	44%	83	33%	75	30%	100	40%
Between 6 months and 1 yr	354	28%	89	36%	65	26%	72	29%	59	24%	69	28%
Between 1 and 2 yrs	423	34%	56	22%	75	30%	95	38%	116	46%	81	32%
Care provided to patient during the last 6 weeks of life was mostly...
Very good or good	945	76%	185	74%	192	77%	181	72%	182	73%	205	82%
Neither good nor poor	166	13%	37	15%	33	13%	46	18%	37	15%	13	5%
Poor or very poor	111	9%	24	10%	22	9%	17	7%	24	10%	24	10%
Don’t know/not sure	28	2%	4	2%	3	1%	6	2%	7	3%	8	3%
Professional services received by patient
Nonmedical support	335	27%	75	30%	62	25%	62	25%	68	27%	68	27%
At-home medical care	619	50%	141	56%	106	42%	117	47%	123	49%	132	53%
In-patient medical care	780	62%	154	62%	175	70%	146	58%	156	62%	149	60%
Outpatient medical care	610	49%	118	47%	143	57%	126	50%	104	42%	119	48%
Palliative/hospice care	350	28%	62	25%	46	18%	66	26%	92	37%	84	34%
Traditional or herbal medicine	168	13%	47	19%	35	14%	38	15%	14	6%	34	14%
Other	13	1%	0	0%	1	0%	3	1%	5	2%	4	2%
Patienťs ability to communicate during last 6 weeks of life
Had a condition or treatments that made it difficult for them to communicate	575	46%	147	59%	94	38%	125	50%	103	41%	106	42%
Had trouble getting what they needed because they did not speak the same language as their doctors or nurses	328	26%	98	39%	57	23%	96	38%	29	12%	48	19%
Main reason for patient’s deatha
Cancer	335	27%	38	15%	60	24%	76	30%	82	33%	79	32%
COVID-19	152	12%	51	20%	25	10%	7	3%	22	9%	47	19%
Heart problems	151	12%	34	14%	17	7%	33	13%	30	12%	37	15%
Kidney diseases	69	6%	23	9%	9	4%	23	9%	7	3%	7	3%
Natural causes/Old age	68	5%	15	6%	9	4%	23	9%	12	5%	9	4%
Stroke	67	5%	13	5%	14	6%	17	7%	17	7%	6	2%
Other	408	33%	76	30%	116	46%	71	28%	80	32%	65	26%

^**“Bachelor’s degree or higher” is defined as a minimum of a three-year college degree (Singapore, India), or four-year college degree (USA), Degree level qualification or equivalent not including NVQ (UK), Higher diploma or degree (Kenya).

^aAdditional details provided in Appendix B2.