Table 3.
Median, standard deviation and range of amino acid values (mM) measured at the 4 times for both groups of patients.
| Median ± SD Range (mM) | Ala | Arg | Asn | Asp | Gln | Glu | Gly | His | Ile | Leu | Lys |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SG* | a,c | a | a,c | a | c | c | |||||
| Basal | 4.2 ± 3.8 0.8–15.5 |
0.3 ± 0.3 0.06–1.3 |
0.03 ± 0.2 nd–1.1 |
1.3 ± 0.9 0.4–3.7 |
0.1 ± 0.2 nd–0.9 |
3.5 ± 3.6 1.0–14.9 |
1.2 ± 1.5 0.2–6.5 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.04–0.5 |
0.9 ± 1.0 0.05–3.6 |
1.5 ± 1.5 0.05–5.3 |
2.0 ± 1.3 0.05–5.0 |
| Diet | 8.2 ± 5.2 1.6–20.5 |
0.4 ± 0.3 0.08–1.2 |
0.02 ± 0.1 nd–0.7 |
1.0 ± 0.6 0.6–2.9 |
0.2 ± 0.1 0.01–0.4 |
7.3 ± 3.0 0.2–12.1 |
1.8 ± 1.9 0.4–7.1 |
0.2 ± 0.2 0.03–0.8 |
1.4 ± 1.3 0.2–5.1 |
3.2 ± 1.7 0.5–6.7 |
2.6 ± 1.5 0.8–5.8 |
| 1 month | 6.5 ± 5.2 1.6–24.4 |
0.2 ± 0.2 0.02–0.7 |
0.02 ± 0.04 nd–0.1 |
1.1 ± 1.0 0.2–3.8 |
0.1 ± 0.2 0.08–1.1 |
4.9 ± 3.6 1.3–16.7 |
1.9 ± 2.3 0.4–10.5 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.03–0.6 |
1.8 ± 1.1 0.3–4.6 |
3.2 ± 1.9 0.4–8.8 |
2.2 ± 1.3 0.1–5.5 |
| 3 months | 8.3 ± 5.3 2.7–19.8 |
0.2 ± 0.2 0.03–0.8 |
0.03 ± 0.04 nd–0.1 |
1.1 ± 0.6 0.4–3.1 |
0.1 ± 0.1 nd–0.5 |
4.7 ± 2.4 2.2–10.2 |
2.4 ± 1.9 0.6–6.8 |
0.2 ± 0.1 0.01–0.6 |
2.2 ± 1.2 0.5–4.6 |
3.1 ± 1.8 1.1–7.3 |
2.6 ± 1.2 0.7–4.7 |
| RYGB* | a,f | a,f | a,e,f | ||||||||
| Basal | 4.3 ± 2.9 1.5–14.0 |
0.5 ± 0.2 0.09–0.9 |
0.02 ± 0.04 nd–0.1 |
1.1 ± 0.6 0.3–2.6 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.03–0.5 |
5.2 ± 2.5 1.3–11.9 |
1.2 ± 2.3 0.2–10.9 |
0.1 ± 0.4 0.03–1.9 |
0.9 ± 0.7 0.3–3.5 |
1.5 ± 1.2 0.8–6.7 |
1.8 ± 0.7 0.4–3.6 |
| Diet | 5.2 ± 4.1 0.8–17.9 |
0.3 ± 0.2 0.02–0.9 |
nd±0.03 nd–0.1 |
1.3 ± 0.7 0.2–2.9 |
0.1 ± 0.1 nd–0.7 |
4.8 ± 3.0 0.6–12.2 |
1.7 ± 1.3 0.1–5.7 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.03–0.4 |
1.3 ± 0.9 0.1–4.0 |
2.3 ± 1.4 0.2–6.1 |
1.8 ± 1.0 0.4–4.8 |
| 1 month | 4.1 ± 3.8 0.9–15.6 |
0.2 ± 0.1 0.02–0.6 |
0.01 ± 0.2 nd–1.2 |
0.8 ± 0.6 0.2–3.1 |
0.1 ± 0.2 0.01–1.1 |
3.7 ± 2.5 nd–9.2 |
1.2 ± 0.9 0.2–3.2 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.03–0.8 |
0.9 ± 1.4 0.1–7.4 |
1.8 ± 2.3 0.3–12.2 |
1.4 ± 1.0 0.5–4.1 |
| 3 months |
3.0 ± 4.1 1.0–18.6 |
0.5 ± 0.4 0.04–2.1 |
nd±0.02 nd–0.07 |
0.9 ± 0.7 0.1–3.5 |
0.1 ± 0.08 0.01–0.2 |
2.2 ± 2.1 0.5–8.6 |
0.7 ± 1.1 0.2–5.5 |
0.1 ± 0.09 0.01–0.4 |
0.6 ± 1.0 0.1–3.9 |
1.3 ± 1.7 0.4–7.3 |
1.2 ± 1.0 0.5–4.6 |
| Median ± SD Range (mM) |
Met |
Phe |
Pro |
Ser |
Thr |
Trp |
Tyr |
Val |
Orn |
BCAAs |
TOTAL amino acids |
| SG* | c | c,e | c | c | |||||||
| Basal | 0.2 ± 0.3 0.02–1.0 |
0.7 ± 0.5 0.05–2.0 |
0.09 ± 0.5 0–1.9 |
1.0 ± 1.0 nd–3.7 |
1.4 ± 1.9 0.1–8.5 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.05–0.6 |
0.9 ± 0.7 0.1–2.7 |
1.2 ± 1.0 0.1–4.0 |
0.2 ± 0.3 0.05–1.5 |
3.5 ± 3.4 0.4–13.1 |
|
| Diet | 0.6 ± 0.4 0.01–1.5 |
1.4 ± 0.6 0.3–2.4 |
0.1 ± 0.2 0–0.6 |
1.5 ± 1.1 nd–3.9 |
1.6 ± 2.8 0.3–11.4 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.05–0.4 |
1.8 ± 0.8 0.4–3.5 |
1.9 ± 1.2 0.3–4.8 |
0.3 ± 0.3 0.1–1.2 |
6.5 ± 4.3 1.2–16.7 |
|
| 1 month | 0.3 ± 0.4 0.03–1.8 |
1.1 ± 0.6 0.1–2.9 |
0.03 ± 0.2 0.002–0.9 |
1.8 ± 0.8 0.3–3.5 |
1.5 ± 3.0 0.3–10.5 |
0.2 ± 0.1 0.03–0.7 |
1.4 ± 0.8 0.2–3.6 |
2.0 ± 1.4 0.3–6.3 |
0.3 ± 0.2 0.08–0.9 |
6.7 ± 4.5 1.1–19.7 |
|
| 3 months | 0.4 ± 0.3 0.02–1.3 |
1.3 ± 0.5 0.5–2.6 |
0.04 ± 0.1 0–0.5 |
1.6 ± 0.8 0.7–3.5 |
1.7 ± 0.9 0.5–3.7 |
0.2 ± 0.08 0.08–0.4 |
1.2 ± 0.6 0.6–3.0 |
2.2 ± 1.3 0.6–4.7 |
0.4 ± 0.2 0.2–1.0 |
7.7 ± 4.3 2.5–15.9 |
|
| RYGB* | a | a | |||||||||
| Basal | 0.2 ± 0.2 nd–1.2 |
0.6 ± 0.5 0.3–3.1 |
0.05 ± 0.1 nd–0.8 |
0.9 ± 0.4 0.3–2.6 |
1.1 ± 0.6 0.4–3.0 |
0.1 ± 0.2 0.05–1.0 |
0.7 ± 0.2 0.4–1.7 |
0.9 ± 0.9 0.4–4.5 |
0.2 ± 0.6 0.08–3.3 |
3.5 ± 2.9 1.6–14.7 |
|
| Diet | 0.3 ± 0.2 0.03–1.0 |
0.9 ± 0.4 0.1–1.9 |
0.04–0.1 nd–0.6 |
1.3 ± 0.9 0.1–3.1 |
1.2 ± 0.8 0.1–2.6 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.01–0.5 |
0.8 ± 0.5 0.1–1.9 |
1.5 ± 1.3 0.1–6.0 |
02 ± 0.2 0.04–0.7 |
5.5 ± 3.8 0.4–14.7 |
|
| 1 month | 0.2 ± 0.7 0.02–3.7 |
0.6 ± 0.8 0.1–4.3 |
0.1 ± 0.3 nd–1.1 |
1.0 ± 0.7 nd–3.0 |
0.8 ± 2.0 0.2–10.5 |
0.1 ± 0.3 0.02–1.5 |
0.6 ± 0.4 0.2–2.0 |
1.0 ± 2.1 0.2–10.8 |
0.3 ± 1.5 0.09–7.6 |
3.8 ± 5.9 0.7–30.5 |
|
| 3 months | 0.2 ± 0.3 1.0–18.6 |
0.7 ± 1.4 0.2–6.0 |
0.07 ± 0.4 nd–1.8 |
0.8 ± 0.7 0.2–3.0 |
0.7 ± 0.7 0.2–2.9 |
0.1 ± 0.1 0.02–0.5 |
0.6 ± 0.5 0.2–2.5 |
0.7 ± 1.3 0.2–5.5 |
0.2 ± 0.3 0.08–1.3 |
2.6 ± 4.0 0.8–16.5 |
Abbreviations: Ala: alanine, Arg: arginine, Asn: asparagine, Asp: aspartic acid, Gln: glutamine, Glu: glutamate, Gly: glycine, His: histidine, Ile: isoleucine, Leu: leucine. *a: statistically significant difference determined by Wilcoxon test between baseline and diet; b: baseline and 1 month; c: baseline and 3 months; d: diet and 1 month; e: diet and 3 months; and f: 1 month and 3 months. nd: not detected. Only values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered. Lys: lysine, Met: methionine, Phe: phenylalanine, Pro: proline, Ser: serine, Thr: threonine, Trp: Tryptophan, Tyr: tyrosine, Val: valine, Orn: ornithine, BCCAs: Branched-Chain Amino Acids (leucine, isoleucine and valine). *a: statistically significant difference determined by Wilcoxon test between baseline and diet; b: baseline and 1 month; c: baseline and 3 months; d: diet and 1 month; e: diet and 3 months; and f: 1 month and 3 months. nd: not detected. Only values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered.