Table 2.

Summary of Studies on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on CVD Health Care Delivery

Study Setting	Number of Pandemic Months Included	Comparison	Process Measure	Outcome	Effect
Japan17	5	April 2018 to February 2020/March to July 2020	ACE inhibitor/ARB prescription	No difference	No change
England15	4	January 2017 to 2019/March to April 2020	PCI procedures	−43%	Decrease
England16	9	January 2018/March to November 2020	Observed vs expected SAVR and TAVR cases	4,989 fewer cases	Decrease

Comparisons of CVD pre– vs post–COVID-19 pandemic that were multicenter, were population-based, and included measures of health or health-related outcomes performed through December 30, 2021. The 249 matches from a structured search in Web of Science were reviewed by title and abstract; 51 sources were identified and reviewed as full text, with 19 sources matching the inclusion criteria and extracted to this table. Effect column describes the result of the outcome reported for each study, with increase shaded red, no change shaded yellow, and decrease shaded green.

ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; CVD = cardiovascular disease; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; SAVR = surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVR = transcutaneous aortic valve replacement.