Table 3.
Summary of Studies on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on CVD Facility Admission or Visit
| Study Setting | Number of Pandemic Months Included | Comparison | Process Measure | Outcome | Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| England23 | 12 | February to May 2019/2020 | Incidence rate ratio for OHCA admissions | 1.56 95% CI: 1.39-1.74 | Increase |
| Japan17 | 5 | April 2018 to February 2020 /March to July 2020 | Heart failure hospitalization | −3.6% cases per week | Decrease |
| Chile19 | 7 | January 2017 to March 2020/March to September 2020 | Absolute reduction in myocardial infarction and stroke cases diagnosed | 19,326 fewer cases | Decrease |
| Italy, tertiary care cardiovascular centers in the Lazio region and Rome metropolitan area21 | 12 | March 2019/2020 | STEMI admissions per day | 0.55 vs 0.32 | Decrease |
| Italy, Bologna20 | 3 | December to May 2019/2020 | CVD emergency department visits | −58% | Decrease |
| Germany18 | 10 | March to December 2019/2020 | CVD admissions | −10% | Decrease |
| Germany18 | 10 | March to December 2019/2020 | CVD outpatient cases | −5% | Decrease |
| Styria, Austria22 | 2 | March to April 2016 to 2019/2020 | Relative risk for admission with myocardial infarction | 0.77 | Decrease |
Effect column describes the result of the outcome reported for each study, with increase shaded red, no change shaded yellow, and decrease shaded green.
CVD = cardiovascular disease; OHCA = out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.