TABLE 3—

Characteristics of Individuals Associated With the 5 Tuberculosis (TB) Outbreaks in State Prison Systems, by State: United States, 2011–2019

Characteristic	Alabama (n = 20), No. (%) or Median (Range)	Texas (n = 51), No. (%) or Median (Range)
Age, y	37.5 (22–71)	35 (19–70)
US-born	20 (100.0)	50 (98.0)
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	0 (0.0)	20 (39.2)
Non-Hispanic Black	14 (70.0)	24 (47.1)
Non-Hispanic White	6 (30.0)	7 (13.7)
Documented TB exposure in past 2 y	13 (65.0)	3 (5.9)
Social characteristicsa
Excessive alcohol use	0 (0.0)	2 (3.9)
Injection drug use	0 (0.0)	3 (5.9)
Noninjection drug use	1 (5.0)	7 (13.7)
Clinical characteristics and disease evaluation
Chest radiograph done	20 (100.0)	49 (96.1)
Lung cavity visible on chest radiographb	6 (30.0)	10 (20.4)
Pulmonary TB involvement	20 (100.0)	37 (72.5)
Sputum smear tested for acid-fast bacilli	20 (100.0)	30 (58.8)
Positive acid-fast bacilli smearc	11 (55.0)	15 (50.0)
HIV coinfection	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Patient outcomed
Completed treatmente	20 (100.0)	25 (78.1)
Deceased	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)

^a Counts and percentages are for presence of the risk factor and are based on self-report of the risk factor during the 12 months before diagnosis.

^b Percentages are based on individuals with chest radiographs done.

^c Percentages are based on cases reported to surveillance as involving a sputum smear test. After rereviewing medical records during 2021, the Texas Department of State Health Services and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice identified sputum smear results for 13 additional cases initially reported to surveillance during 2015–2019 as not involving a smear test.

^d Numbers and percentages are based on cases with complete data on patient outcome and 2 years of follow-up (i.e., cases reported during 2011–2017) so that patient outcome could be documented in the 2011–2019 data set.

^e Denominator excludes 19 Texas cases with incomplete data on treatment outcome.