Table 6.

Postoperative complications of matched cohort of patients who underwent total joint arthroplasty

Characteristic	Total hip arthroplasty			Total knee arthroplasty
	No. (%) of patients with spinal anesthesia n = 3050	No. (%) of patients with general anesthesia n = 3050	OR spinal v. general anesthesia (95% CI)	No. (%) of patients with spinal anesthesia n = 2790	No. (%) of patients with general anesthesia n = 2790	OR spinal v. general anesthesia (95% CI)
Myocardial infarction	5 (0.16)	3 (0.1)	1.08 (1.07 to 1.08)	1 (0.04)	7 (0.25)	0.55 (0.27 to 0.96)
Pneumonia	0 (0)	1 (0.03)	0.65 (0.02 to 3.44)	4 (0.14)	7 (0.25)	0.84 (0.74 to 0.93)
Gastrointestinal bleed	3 (0.10)	1 (0.03)	1.59 (0.53 to 8.68)	1 (0.04)	2 (0.07)	0.82 (0.04 to 8.03)
Ileus	12 (0.39)	6 (0.2)	1.29 (1.25 to 1.34)	9 (0.32)	8 (0.29)	1.07 (0.93 to 1.23)
Bleeding*	16 (0.52)	24 (0.79)	0.89 (0.86 to 0.91)	20 (0.72)	22 (0.79)	0.96 (0.90 to 1.02)
Delirium	11 (0.36)	14 (0.46)	0.98 (0.97 to 0.98)	14 (0.50)	8 (0.29)	1.10 (1.07 to 1.13)
Acute kidney injury	3 (0.10)	2 (0.07)	1.07 (1.03 to 1.12)	2 (0.07)	6 (0.22)	0.86 (0.85 to 0.87)

CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio.

^*Bleeding, defined as any of the following codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition: D500 — anemia due to blood loss; D62 — acute anemia; D683 — hemorrhagic disorders due to anticoagulants; D69 — other hemorrhagic conditions; G361 — hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis; H113 — conjunctival hemorrhage; H356 — retinal hemorrhage; H431 — vitreous hemorrhage; H450 — vitreous hemorrhage; I60 — hemorrhage; I61 — hemorrhage; I62 — hemorrhage; J942 — hemothorax; J9500 — hemorrhage from tracheostomy stoma; K5520 —angiodysplasia; K625 — hemorrhage of anus and rectum; K661 — hemoperitoneum; M250 — haemarthrosis; R04 — hemorrhage from respiratory passages; R31 — hematuria; R58 — hemorrhage, NEC; R823 — hemoglubinuria; S064 — epidural hemorrhage;T810 — hemorrhage and hematoma, NEC.