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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Proc (Int Conf Dependable Syst Netw). 2021 Aug 6;2021:413–425. doi: 10.1109/dsn48987.2021.00052

TABLE I:

TCB comparison with other solutions

Shielding runtimes Core components kLoCs Size(MB)
Ryoan Eglibc 892 > 19
NaCl sandbox 216
Naclports 460
SCONE OS Shield and shim libc 187 > 16
Graphene-SGX Glibc 1200 > 58.5
LibPAL 22
Graphene LibOS 34
Occlum Occlum shim libc 93 > 8.6
Verifier N/A
Occlum LibOS and PAL 24.5
Deflection Loader/Verifier 1.3 3.5
RA/Encryption 0.2
Shim libc 33
Capstone base 9.1
Other dependencies 23