Table 7.
Standardized (β) coefficients of multivariable linear regression modelsa for spot urine profile.
| sUCr | P | sUOsm | P | sUCr/Osm | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | -0.010 | 0.303 | -0.088 | <0.001 | -0.070 | <0.001 |
| Sex (ref. male) | 0.027 | 0.018 | -0.059 | <0.001 | 0.029 | 0.147 |
| Body weight | 0.053 | <0.001 | -0.002 | 0.848 | 0.110 | <0.001 |
| African American (ref. non-African American) | 0.068 | <0.001 | -0.010 | 0.249 | 0.151 | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities (ref. no presence) | ||||||
| Hypertension | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Diabetes mellitus | -b | -b | -b | -b | -0.038 | 0.017 |
| CVA | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Cancer | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Medication use (ref. no user) | ||||||
| β-Adrenergic blocker | -b | -b | 0.022 | 0.019 | -b | -b |
| Calcium channel blocker | 0.020 | 0.029 | -b | -b | 0.034 | 0.031 |
| Other antihypertensives | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Blood biochemistry | ||||||
| Urea nitrogen | -0.181 | <0.001 | 0.250 | <0.001 | -0.247 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine | 0.243 | <0.001 | -0.264 | <0.001 | 0.384 | <0.001 |
| Albumin | -b | -b | -0.032 | 0.001 | -b | -b |
| GOT | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Total bilirubin | 0.020 | 0.033 | -b | -b | 0.037 | 0.021 |
| Uric acid | 0.055 | <0.001 | -0.051 | <0.001 | 0.095 | <0.001 |
| CPK | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Glucose | -0.031 | 0.001 | 0.038 | <0.001 | -b | -b |
| Osmolality | -b | -b | 0.037 | 0.001 | -b | -b |
| Na | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Ca | -b | -b | -b | -b | -0.037 | 0.016 |
| P | -b | -b | -0.026 | 0.005 | -b | -b |
| Urine profile | ||||||
| sUCr | NA | NA | 0.841 | <0.001 | NA | NA |
| sUOsm | 0.818 | <0.001 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| UACR | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b | -b |
| Adjusted R-square | 0.752 | 0.744 | 0.257 |
Abbreviations: CPK: creatine phosphokinase; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; GOT: glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; NA: nonapplicable; ref.: reference group; sUCr: spot urine creatinine; sUCr/Osm: spot urine creatinine-to-osmolality ratio; sUOsm: spot urine osmolality; UACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. aPerformed with natural logarithm-transformed data of all variables. bOmitted for conciseness, as the P value ≥ 0.05.