Table 3.

Effect of 25(OH)D on Tic, OCD, and ADHD Symptom Severity

Dependent variablea	β	SE	95% CI	p
Tic severity
YGTSS:Total	0.11	0.51	− 0.90 to 1.11	0.84
YGTSS Motor	0.03	0.29	− 0.54 to 0.61	0.91
YGTSS Vocal	0.08	0.34	− 0.60 to 0.76	0.82
CGI	− 0.01	0.06	− 0.13 to 0.11	0.91
OCD
CYBOCs Total	0.55	0.49	− 0.42 to 1.51	0.27
CYBOCs Obsessions	0.25	0.26	− 0.26 to 0.77	0.33
CYBOCs Compulsions	0.30	0.34	− 0.37 to 0.98	0.37
ADHD
DSM-IV-TR Total	− 1.02	0.33	− 1.67 to − 0.37	< 0.01*
DSM-IV-TR Inattentive	− 0.57	0.21	− 0.97 to − 0.16	0.01*
DSM-IV-TR Hyperactive/Impulsive	− 0.42	0.17	− 0.75 to − 0.09	0.01*
SNAP Total	− 2.52	0.83	− 4.16 to − 0.88	< 0.01*
SNAP Inattentive	− 1.75	0.47	− 2.68 to − 0.82	< 0.01*
SNAP Hyperactive/Impulsive	− 0.77	0.44	− 1.64 to 0.10	0.08

^aThe dependent variable is symptom severity. The primary predictor variable is adjusted 25(OH)D (1-unit change = 10 ng/ml), while age, sex, and comorbidity, other than that being tested, were also entered as covariates. β coefficient is calculated for 1-unit change (i.e., 10 ng/ml) in our predictor variable

YGTSS Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder, CY-BOCs Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, ADHD attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, DSM-IV-TR diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th ed., text revision, SNAP-IV Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Questionnaire IV

*The significant difference with p < 0.05