a P65 and MAPK signaling pathways were detected in TNF-α stimulated HMEC-1 cells. b, c Western blot analysis of p-STAT1 in TNF-α stimulated HMEC-1 cells. d A putative STAT1 binding site upstream of the 5′UTR of Vcam-1 and Ccl2 was shown. e, f Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay for the Vcam-1 and Ccl2 promoter was performed with anti-STAT1 antibody. Data are presented as means ± SEM of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared to TNF-α stimulation. #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 compared to no stimulation. Nc means control scrambled siRNA.