Table 3.

Association of brain volume with prefrailty and its components.

	TBV-to-eTIV (%)		HV-to-eTIV (%)		WMHV-to-eTIV (%)
	Age- and sex-adjusted	Multivariable-adjusted	Age- and sex-adjusted	Multivariable-adjusted	Age- and sex-adjusted	Multivariable-adjusted
Physical frailty status
Robust	59.1 (58.8–59.4)	59.0 (58.6–59.5)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.29 (0.26–0.31)	0.29 (0.25–0.33)
Prefrail	58.5 (58.1–58.9)*	58.5 (58.0–59.0)*	0.47 (0.46–0.48)	0.47 (0.47–0.48)	0.35 (0.31–0.38)*	0.35 (0.31–0.40)*
Components of the physical frailty
Weight loss
No	58.9 (58.7–59.2)	58.9 (58.5–59.3)	0.48 (0.47–0.48)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.30 (0.28–0.33)	0.31 (0.27–0.35)
Yes	58.3 (57.6–59.0)	58.4 (57.6–59.2)	0.47 (0.46–0.48)	0.47 (0.46–0.49)	0.34 (0.27–0.41)	0.36 (0.28–0.43)
Slowness
No	59.0 (58.8–59.2)	59.0 (58.6–59.4)	0.48 (0.47–0.48)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.29 (0.27–0.31)	0.29 (0.26–0.33)
Yes	57.4 (56.6–58.2)*	57.4 (56.6–58.3)*	0.47 (0.46–0.48)*	0.46 (0.45–0.48)*	0.49 (0.42–0.57)*	0.49 (0.41–0.58)*
Weakness
No	58.9 (58.7–59.1)	58.8 (58.4–59.2)	0.48 (0.47–0.48)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.30 (0.28–0.32)	0.31 (0.27–0.35)
Yes	58.6 (57.8–59.4)	58.6 (57.7–59.4)	0.48 (0.46–0.49)	0.46 (0.45–0.49)	0.38 (0.31–0.46)*	0.40 (0.31–0.48)*
Exhaustion
No	58.9 (58.6–59.1)	58.8 (58.4–59.2)	0.48 (0.47–0.48)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.31 (0.28–0.33)	0.31 (0.28–0.35)
Yes	59.5 (57.9–61.0)	58.6 (58.0–61.2)	0.49 (0.46–0.52)	0.49 (0.46–0.52)	0.43 (0.28–0.58)	0.42 (0.27–0.57)
Low physical activity
No	58.9 (58.7–59.2)	58.8 (58.4–59.2)	0.48 (0.47–0.47)	0.48 (0.47–0.49)	0.31 (0.28–0.33)	0.31 (0.28–0.35)
Yes	58.7 (58.1–59.3)	58.6 (57.9–59.3)	0.47 (0.46–0.48)	0.47 (0.46–0.49)	0.32 (0.26–0.38)	0.32 (0.26–0.39)

Values are shown as a mean value (95% confidence interval).

In the multivariable-adjusted model, the values were adjusted for age, sex, educational level, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels, ApoE E4 carrier status, MMSE score, and GDS score.

*Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate-adjusted p value, q < 0.05.