Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics
|
Total Fallers N = 103 |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Overall | Nonfaller | Total fallers | Fall once | Recurrent Fall | ||||||
| N = 442 | N = 339 | N = 103 | N = 65 | N = 38 | |||||||
| N% | N% | N% | N% | N% | |||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||
| Female | 223 | 50.5 | 167 | 49.3 | 56 | 54.4 | 32 | 49.2 | 24 | 63.2 | |
| Male | 219 | 49.5 | 172 | 50.7 | 47 | 45.6 | 33 | 50.8 | 14 | 36.8 | |
| Age (years) | |||||||||||
| 65–69 | 138 | 31.2 | 119 | 35.1 | 19 | 18.4 | 11 | 16.9 | 8 | 21.1 | |
| 70–74 | 136 | 30.8 | 104 | 30.7 | 32 | 31.1 | 24 | 36.9 | 8 | 21.1 | |
| 75–79 | 76 | 17.2 | 54 | 15.9 | 22 | 21.4 | 12 | 18.5 | 10 | 26.2 | |
| 80–84 | 49 | 11.1 | 35 | 10.3 | 14 | 13.6 | 10 | 15.4 | 4 | 10.5 | |
| > = 85 | 43 | 9.7 | 27 | 8 | 16 | 15.5 | 8 | 12.3 | 8 | 21.1 | |
| Current smoker | 31 | 7 | 26 | 7.7 | 5 | 4.9 | 3 | 4.6 | 2 | 5.3 | |
| Drinker | 39 | 8.8 | 33 | 9.7 | 6 | 5.8 | 3 | 4.6 | 3 | 7.9 | |
| Living arrangement | |||||||||||
| alone | 67 | 15.2 | 50 | 14.7 | 17 | 16.5 | 11 | 17 | 6 | 15.8 | |
| lives with someone | 371 | 83.9 | 288 | 85 | 83 | 80.6 | 53 | 81.5 | 30 | 78.9 | |
| residential home | 4 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.3 | 3 | 2.9 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 5.3 | |
| Walking aids | 100 | 22.6 | 64 | 18.9 | 36 | 35 | 24 | 36.9 | 12 | 31.6 | |
| HT | 387 | 87.6 | 297 | 87.6 | 90 | 87.4 | 57 | 87.7 | 33 | 86.8 | |
| CVA | 67 | 15.2 | 47 | 13.9 | 20 | 19.4 | 7 | 10.8 | 13 | 34.2 | |
| OA | 117 | 26.5 | 86 | 25.4 | 31 | 30.1 | 19 | 29.2 | 12 | 31.6 | |
| CAD | 41 | 9.3 | 34 | 10 | 7 | 6.8 | 4 | 6.2 | 3 | 7.9 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | |||||||||||
| < 120 | 46 | 10.4 | 33 | 9.7 | 13 | 12.6 | 8 | 12.3 | 5 | 13.2 | |
| 120–129 | 106 | 24 | 81 | 23.9 | 25 | 24.3 | 15 | 23.1 | 10 | 26.3 | |
| 130–139 | 140 | 31.7 | 111 | 32.7 | 29 | 28.2 | 18 | 27.7 | 11 | 28.9 | |
| > = 140 | 150 | 33.9 | 114 | 33.6 | 36 | 34.9 | 24 | 36.9 | 12 | 31.6 | |
| DBP (mmHg) | |||||||||||
| < 60 | 84 | 19 | 62 | 18.3 | 22 | 21.4 | 13 | 20 | 9 | 23.7 | |
| 60–69 | 172 | 38.9 | 126 | 37.2 | 46 | 44.7 | 28 | 43 | 18 | 47.4 | |
| 70–79 | 133 | 30.1 | 107 | 31.5 | 26 | 25.2 | 20 | 30.8 | 6 | 15.8 | |
| > = 80 | 53 | 12 | 44 | 13 | 9 | 8.7 | 4 | 6.2 | 5 | 13.1 | |
| BMI | |||||||||||
| < 25 | 223 | 50.5 | 169 | 49.9 | 54 | 52.4 | 33 | 50.8 | 21 | 55.3 | |
| > = 25 | 219 | 49.5 | 170 | 50.1 | 49 | 47.6 | 32 | 49.2 | 17 | 44.7 | |
| HbA1c (%) | |||||||||||
| < = 6.4 | 103 | 23.3 | 74 | 21.8 | 29 | 28.2 | 15 | 23 | 14 | 36.8 | |
| 6.5–6.9 | 156 | 35.3 | 119 | 35.1 | 37 | 35.9 | 24 | 37 | 13 | 34.2 | |
| 7.0–7.4 | 108 | 24.4 | 86 | 25.4 | 22 | 21.4 | 16 | 24.6 | 6 | 15.8 | |
| 7.5–7.9 | 31 | 7 | 24 | 7.1 | 7 | 6.8 | 5 | 7.7 | 2 | 5.3 | |
| > = 8.0 | 44 | 10 | 36 | 10.6 | 8 | 7.8 | 5 | 7.7 | 3 | 7.9 | |
| OHA | |||||||||||
| 0 | 80 | 18.1 | 62 | 18.3 | 18 | 17.5 | 10 | 15.4 | 8 | 21.1 | |
| 1 | 196 | 44.3 | 145 | 42.8 | 51 | 49.5 | 31 | 47.7 | 20 | 52.6 | |
| > = 2 | 166 | 37.6 | 132 | 38.9 | 34 | 33 | 24 | 36.9 | 10 | 26.3 | |
| Sulfonylurea | 181 | 41 | 144 | 42.5 | 37 | 35.9 | 26 | 40 | 11 | 28.9 | |
| Insulin | 13 | 2.9 | 10 | 2.9 | 3 | 2.9 | 3 | 4.6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hypoglycemia symptoms | 72 | 16.3 | 46 | 13.6 | 26 | 25.2 | 10 | 15.4 | 16 | 42.1 | |
| Diabetic retinopathy | 115 | 26 | 86 | 25.4 | 29 | 28.2 | 20 | 30.8 | 9 | 23.7 | |
| VA | |||||||||||
| < 0.6 | 204 | 46.2 | 141 | 41.6 | 63 | 61.2 | 39 | 60 | 24 | 63.2 | |
| 0.6–1.0 | 238 | 53.8 | 198 | 58.4 | 40 | 38.8 | 26 | 40 | 14 | 36.8 | |