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. 2022 Aug 2;12(33):21394–21405. doi: 10.1039/d2ra03448d

Constitutive equations.

Gas phase stress
graphic file with name d2ra03448d-t13.jpg 14
Solid phase stress
graphic file with name d2ra03448d-t14.jpg 15
Collisional dissipation of solid fluctuating energy
graphic file with name d2ra03448d-t15.jpg 16
Radial distribution function
graphic file with name d2ra03448d-t16.jpg 17
Solid phase pressure
p s = αsρsΘs[1 + 2g0αs(1 + es)] 18
Solid phase shear viscosity
graphic file with name d2ra03448d-t17.jpg 19
Solid phase bulk viscosity
graphic file with name d2ra03448d-t18.jpg 20
Exchange of the fluctuating energy between gas and solid
s = −3βgs·Θs 21