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. 2022 Aug 2;12(33):21223–21234. doi: 10.1039/d2ra03406a

Physio-chemical characterizations of AFOMEs and their comparison with standards and petrodiesela.

Parameters studied EN 14214 ASTM D-6751 Petro-diesel Experimental result RSOB41 AAOB42 HMOB43
Density @ 15 °C (g cm−3) 0.86–0.90 0.86–0.90 0.809 0.831 0.91 0.88
Kinematic viscosity@ 40 °C (cps) 3.5–5.0 1.9–6.0 1.3–4.1 5.32 4.5 36 4.1
Flashpoint, (°C) Min. 120.0 Min. 130 60–80 158 120 153
Acid value, (mg KOH g−1) Max. 0.50 Max. 0.5 0.40 0.12 0.64 0.35
Saponification value (mg KOH g−1) 174.8
Iodine value, (g I2 per 100 mg) Max. 120 Max. 120 142.5 132.11
Cloud point (°C) −15 to 5 7 3
Pour point (°C) −2.0 −28 −5 −9
Cetane number Min. 51 Min. 47 49.7 52 51.2
Fire point (°C) 189
Oxidation stability (110 °C, h) Min. 6 Min. 3 25.8 2.75
Ash content 0.002 0.01
Specific gravity 0.83134 0.85
Free fatty acid (%) 0.4
Cold filter plug point (°C) Max. 19 Max. 19 −16 −25
a

References for comparative analysis: RSOB:41 rubber seed oil biodiesel, AAOB:42Ailanthus altissima oil biodiesel, and HMOB:43Hodgsonia macrocarpa oil biodiesel.