Fig 5. scRNA-seq analysis of DS microglial chimeras receiving injection of Cont or pathological DSAD tau.

(A) Representative images of hTMEM119, AT8, and PHF-1 staining in 4 to 5-month-old chimeras receiving injection of Cont or DSAD tau at 8 weeks. Arrows indicate AT8⁺ or PHF-1⁺ p-tau. Scale bars: 7 μm and 3 μm.

(B) Quantification of AT8⁺ and PHF-1⁺ p-tau in microglia (n=110–127 from 3–4 mice/group).

(C) A schematic diagram showing the design of the scRNA-seq experiment. This drawing was created using BioRender.com.

(D) A UMAP plot showing independent subclusters (clusters 0–4) from Cont and DSAD tau groups.

(E) A dot plot showing the representative conserved markers from each subcluster.

(F) UMAP plots with dots (representing cells) colored by the expression levels of human microglial genes.

(G) A volcano plot illustrating downregulated (blue) and upregulated (red) DEGs.

(H, I) GO enrichment analyses of the upregulated and downregulated DEGs.

Student’s t test, ***P < 0.001. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.