TABLE 1.
Summary of Demographics, COVID-19 Status, Clinical Presentation, and Hospitalization
| Cohort Size | All, n = 134 | Original/Alpha, n = 102 | Delta, n = 32 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (yr), median (IQR) | 9 (5–13) | 9 (5–13) | 10 (6–13) | 0.448 |
| Body mass index (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention percentile), median (IQR) | 71 (42–94) | 73 (47–95) | 58 (30–86) | 0.152 |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 75 (56) | 62 (61) | 13 (41) | 0.036a |
| COVID status | ||||
| Positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test within prior 30 d, n (%) | 76 (57) | 59 (58) | 17 (53) | 0.394 |
| COVID-19 antibody test (reactive), n (%) | 134 (100) | 102 (100) | 32 (100) | 1.000 |
| Contact with COVID-19 positive person, n (%) | 106 (79) | 74 (73) | 32 (100) | < 0.001a |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| Gastrointestinal, n (%) | 119 (89) | 93 (91) | 26 (81) | 0.112 |
| Mucocutaneous, n (%) | 104 (78) | 81 (79) | 23 (72) | 0.254 |
| Hematologic, n (%) | 97 (72) | 74 (73) | 23 (72) | 0.553 |
| Cardiac, n (%) | 96 (72) | 72 (71) | 24 (75) | 0.405 |
| Renal/electrolyte abnormalities, n (%) | 85 (63) | 60 (59) | 25 (78) | 0.036a |
| Musculoskeletal, n (%) | 64 (48) | 55 (54) | 9 (28) | 0.009a |
| Neurologic, n (%) | 55 (41) | 39 (38) | 16 (50) | 0.165 |
| Respiratory, n (%) | 49 (37) | 45 (44) | 4 (13) | < 0.001a |
| Shock, n (%) | 37 (28) | 26 (25) | 11 (34) | 0.223 |
| Suspected Kawasaki-like disease, n (%) | 31 (23) | 30 (29) | 1 (3) | < 0.001a |
| Suspected lower respiratory tract infection, n (%) | 11 (8) | 9 (9) | 2 (6) | 0.486 |
| Suspected central nervous infection, n (%) | 6 (4) | 5 (5) | 1 (3) | 0.559 |
| Hospitalization | ||||
| Transferred to ICU, n (%) | 93 (69) | 70 (69) | 23 (72) | 0.455 |
| Intubation, n (%) | 16 (12) | 16 (16) | 0 (0) | 0.009a |
| Entire cohort LOS (d), median (IQR) | 7 (5–8) | 7 (5–9) | 6 (5–7) | 0.064 |
| Non-ICU subgroup LOS (d), median (IQR) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–7) | 5 (4–6) | 0.603 |
| ICU subgroup LOS (d), median (IQR) | 8 (5–9) | 8 (6–10) | 6 (5–8) | 0.015a |
| ICU subgroup LOS in ICU (d), median (IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 4 (3–6) | 2 (2–3) | 0.001a |
IQR = interquartile range, LOS = length of stay.
The adjusted statistical significance according to the Holm-Bonferroni method to account for multiple outcomes measures to ensure that the familywise type I error rate is < 0.05.
Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain).
Mucocutaneous symptoms (conjunctivitis or eye pain, skin rash, erythema or edema of extremities, lip swelling or redness, and swollen lymph nodes).
Respiratory (cough, sputum production, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, wheezing, sore throat, rhinorrhea, tachypnea, and retractions).
Neurologic symptoms (headache, altered mental status, and seizure).
Shock (need for fluid or vasoactive resuscitation).
p values correspond to comparison between the Alpha and Delta variant using the nonparametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and Fisher exact test for categorical variables.