Table 2.
Baseline differences of de novo Parkinson’s disease patients with subsequent stable weight, weight loss or weight gain after five years of follow-up.
| Stable weight (n = 203) |
Weight loss (n = 134) |
Weight gain (n = 68) |
P stable vs loss |
P stable vs gain |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62.0 ± 9.9 | 62.0 ± 9.7 | 59.4 ± 9.5 | 0.990 | 0.033 |
| Sex, male (%) | 65.5% | 67.9% | 60.3% | 0.649 | 0.437 |
| Education, years | 15.6 ± 2.8 | 15.6 ± 3.1 | 15.3 ± 2.9 | 0.560 | 0.481 |
| Binge eatinga | 7.4% | 9.7% | 11.8% | 0.460 | 0.268 |
| ADL | 93.9 ± 5.3 | 91.9 ± 6.1 | 93.3 ± 6.1 | 0.003* | 0.588 |
| HY | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 0.217 | 0.885 |
| MDS-UPDRS I | 5.4 ± 4.0 | 5.7 ± 3.9 | 5.3 ± 4.4 | 0.440 | 0.589 |
| MDS-UPDRS II | 5.4 ± 4.1 | 6.2 ± 4.3 | 6.3 ± 4.1 | 0.057 | 0.076 |
| MDS-UPDRS III | 19.4 ± 8.1 | 22.0 ± 9.2 | 22.7 ± 9.5 | 0.020 | 0.012 |
| MDS-UPDRS total | 30.2 ± 12.5 | 33.9 ± 13.1 | 34.3 ± 14.5 | 0.015 | 0.083 |
| MoCA | 26.9 ± 2.4 | 27.3 ± 2.2 | 27.2 ± 2.2 | 0.028 | 0.504 |
| UPSIT | 22.0 ± 8.0 | 22.8 ± 8.4 | 22.2 ± 8.1 | 0.501 | 0.759 |
| GDS | 2.1 ± 2.2 | 2.3 ± 2.3 | 2.8 ± 3.1 | 0.546 | 0.130 |
| STAI | 63.9 ± 18.0 | 64.9 ± 17.4 | 69.8 ± 20.3 | 0.559 | 0.033 |
| SCOPA-AUT | 8.9 ± 5.7 | 10.3 ± 6.6 | 8.9 ± 5.4 | 0.096 | 0.981 |
| ESS | 5.5 ± 3.1 | 6.4 ± 3.8 | 4.8 ± 2.8 | 0.066 | 0.130 |
|
Weight variabilityb |
0.00 ± 0.5 | -2.4 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 1.9 | – | – |
| Mean putamen, SBR | 0.84 ± 0.29 | 0.77 ± 0.25 | 0.84 ± 0.34 | 0.038 | 0.596 |
| Mean caudate, SBR | 2.03 ± 0.55 | 1.91 ± 0.54 | 2.03 ± 0.57 | 0.015 | 0.338 |
| CSF amyloid beta, pg/mL | 944.9 ± 389.7 | 845.1 ± 380.5 | 936.5 ± 531.0 | 0.009* | 0.356 |
| CSF alpha synuclein, pg/mL | 1556.1 ± 671.3 | 1407.0 ± 543.7 | 1550.9 ± 853.2 | 0.942 | 0.338 |
| CSF tau, pg/mL | 169.8 ± 53.4 | 167.2 ± 52.3 | 167.3 ± 68.8 | 0.647 | 0.928 |
| Serum urate, µmol/L | 313.5 ± 77.8 | 329.1 ± 83.8 | 307.3 ± 67.7 | 0.127 | 0.546 |
Data are n (%) and the mean ± standard deviation.
aItem of the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders.
bWeight variability calculated as average successive variability taking directionality into account.
HY Hoehn and Yahr scale, ADL Activities of Daily Living, MDS-UPDRS Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, SCOPA-AUT SCOPA-Autonomic, UPSIT University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, STAI State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale, SBR striatal binding ratio, CSF cerebrospinal fluid.
*Significant p-values after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.