Table 3. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression model analysis of the prognosis factors of BCSS among patients in the non-surgery group after PSM.
| Variables | Univariable | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age (years) | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 18–39 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| 40–59 | 1.45 (1.15–1.83) | 0.002 | 1.43 (1.13–1.82) | 0.003 | |
| ≥60 | 1.82 (1.45–2.29) | 0.000 | 1.78 (1.40–2.27) | 0.000 | |
| Race | <0.001 | 0.007 | |||
| White | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Black | 1.44 (1.26–1.65) | 0.000 | 1.25 (1.08–1.44) | 0.002 | |
| Other | 0.93 (0.75–1.16) | 0.510 | 0.96 (0.77–1.19) | 0.686 | |
| Cohabitation status | 0.000 | 0.014 | |||
| Non-cohabitation | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Cohabitation | 0.80 (0.72–0.89) | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | |||
| Education | 0.091 | 0.188 | |||
| Low | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| High | 1.10 (0.99–1.23) | 0.92 (0.81–1.04) | |||
| Income | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||
| Low | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| High | 0.76 (0.68–0.85) | 0.77 (0.68–0.88) | |||
| Year of diagnosis | 0.086 | 0.464 | |||
| 2010–2012 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| 2013–2015 | 0.90 (0.80–1.01) | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | |||
| Tumor grade | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Well/moderately differentiated | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Poorly/un-differentiated | 1.70 (1.52–1.90) | 1.46 (1.29–1.66) | |||
| Histotype | 0.041 | 0.014 | |||
| IDC | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ILC | 0.96 (0.79–1.18) | 0.717 | 1.26 (1.02–1.56) | 0.029 | |
| Others | 1.22 (1.04–1.43) | 0.013 | 1.20 (1.02–1.41) | 0.027 | |
| Tumor size (cm) | <0.001 | 0.008 | |||
| (0–2] | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| (2–5] | 1.01 (0.85–1.19) | 0.915 | 1.07 (0.90–1.26) | 0.462 | |
| >5 | 1.33 (1.13–1.58) | 0.001 | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) | 0.011 | |
| Lymph node status | 0.004 | 0.040 | |||
| Negative | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Positive | 1.23 (1.07–1.42) | 1.17 (1.01–1.36) | |||
| Molecular subtype | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| HR+/HER2+ | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| HR−/HER2+ | 1.28 (1.01–1.63) | 0.039 | 1.22 (0.96–1.55) | 0.111 | |
| HR+/HER2− | 1.28 (1.09–1.51) | 0.003 | 1.31 (1.09–1.56) | 0.004 | |
| TN | 3.71 (3.07–4.49) | 0.000 | 3.34 (2.75–4.07) | 0.000 | |
| Bone metastasis | <0.001 | 0.143 | |||
| Yes | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| No | 1.25 (1.12–1.40) | 0.91 (0.80–1.03) | |||
| Brain metastasis | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| No | 0.36 (0.29–0.45) | 0.41 (0.32–0.52) | |||
| Liver metastasis | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| No | 0.75 (0.66–0.85) | 0.62 (0.54–0.71) | |||
| Lung metastasis | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| No | 0.70 (0.63–0.79) | 0.79 (0.69–0.89) | |||
| Chemotherapy | 0.003 | <0.001 | |||
| No/unknown | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Yes | 0.82 (0.74–0.92) | 0.66 (0.58–0.76) | |||
| Radiotherapy | 0.047 | 0.110 | |||
| No/unknown | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Yes | 1.12 (1.00–1.25) | 1.11 (0.98–1.25) | |||
BCSS, breast cancer-specific survival; PSM, propensity score matching; IDC, invasive ductal carcinoma; ILC, invasive lobular carcinoma; HR, hormone receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2; TN, triple-negative (HR−HER2−); CI, confidence interval.