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. 2022 Aug 3;9(8):220565. doi: 10.1098/rsos.220565

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© 2022 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 1. — (a) Map of the cavity trees (blue dots) surveyed in three study regions in southern Germany. Forest areas are highlighted in grey (data from [53]) and the locations of four cities are indicated by black squares as reference points. (b) Photo of a typical black woodpecker cavity tree in the Swabian Alb, with one of the authors (B.R.) inspecting the nest entrance of a feral honeybee colony (note that cavities were inspected from the ground during standard inspections). Photo by Ingo Arndt.