Table 2.
Changes in the incidence of frailty and body composition parameters (n = 39)
| Variable | Baseline |
In 12 wk |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise group (n = 18) | Control group (n = 21) | χ2 or F | p-value | Exercise group (n = 18) | Control group (n = 21) | χ2 or F | p-value | |
| Frailty (score) | ||||||||
| Not frail, 0-2 | 10 (55.6) | 9 (42.9) | 0.63 | 0.53 | 18 (100) | 7 (33.3) | 18.72 | <0.001a |
| Frail, 3-5 | 8 (44.4) | 12 (57.1) | 0 (0) | 14 (66.7) | ||||
| Frailty phenotype | ||||||||
| Gait speed (m/sec) | ||||||||
| Not frail, ≥0.8 | 12 (66.7) | 11 (52.4) | 0.82 | 0.52 | 17 (94.4) | 7 (33.3) | 15.29 | <0.001a |
| Frail, <0.8 | 6 (33.3) | 10 (47.6) | 1 (5.6) | 14 (66.7) | ||||
| Grip strength (kg) | ||||||||
| Not frail, M: ≥30 and F: ≥20 | 6 (33.3) | 12 (57.1) | 2.21 | 0.20 | 10 (55.6) | 7 (33.3) | 1.95 | 0.21 |
| Frail, M: <30 and F: <20 | 12 (66.7) | 9 (42.9) | 8 (44.4) | 14 (66.7) | ||||
| Physical activity | ||||||||
| Not frail | 10 (55.6) | 7 (33.3) | 1.95 | 0.21 | 18 (100) | 7 (33.3) | 18.72 | <0.001a |
| Frail | 8 (44.4) | 14 (66.7) | 0 (0) | 14 (66.7) | ||||
| Exhaustion (vitality, score) | ||||||||
| Not frail, ≥55 | 6 (33.3) | 5 (23.8) | 0.43 | 0.72a | 11 (61.1) | 2 (9.5) | 11.61 | 0.002a |
| Frail, <55 | 12 (66.7) | 16 (76.2) | 7 (38.9) | 19 (90.5) | ||||
| Weight loss, BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||
| Not frail, >18.5 | 16 (88.9) | 17 (81.0) | 0.47 | 0.67a | 17 (94.4) | 17 (81.0) | 1.58 | 0.35a |
| Frail, ≤18.5 | 2 (11.1) | 4 (19.0) | 1 (5.6) | 4 (19.0) | ||||
| SPPB (score) | ||||||||
| Not frail, 10–12 | 14 (77.8) | 14 (66.7) | 0.59 | 0.497a | 18 (100) | 12 (57.1) | 10.03 | 0.002a |
| Frail, <10 | 4 (22.2) | 7 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 9 (41.9) | ||||
| Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 25.46 ± 4.80 | 24.32 ± 4.16 | 0.15 | 0.71 | 25.47 ± 4.85 | 23.17 ± 4.71 | 0.79 | 0.37b |
| Body fat (%) | 21.17 ± 7.85 | 22.21 ± 9.99 | 0.03 | 0.86 | 21.82 ± 7.84 | 24.11 ± 9.23 | 0.43 | 0.52b |
| Lower leg muscles (kg) | 15.42 ± 3.70 | 14.16 ± 3.51 | 1.23 | 0.27 | 13.79 ± 3.10 | 12.51 ± 2.59 | 0.80 | 0.38b |
Data are expressed as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation.
BMI, body mass index; F, female; M, male; SPPB, short physical performance battery.
a
Fisher exact test,
b
analysis of covariance adjusted for dialysis vintage.