Table 1. The search strategy summary.

Items	Specification
Date of search	18/12/2021
Databases and other sources searched	Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane databases
Search terms used	“Artificial intelligence”; “machine learning”; “anesthesia”; “anesthesiology”
Timeframe	From 2015 to December 2021
Inclusion and exclusion criteria	Inclusion criteria: ⬥ Focus on the application of AI-based algorithms in the practice of anesthesia, including preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and OR management ⬥ English-language papers ⬥ Peer-reviewed, published literature, including narrative review papers
	Exclusion criteria: ⬥ Main topic not related to the application of AI in anesthesia ⬥ Studies involving animals ⬥ Editorials, letters to the editor, and abstracts ⬥ Non-English-language articles
Selection process	Two authors searched the database independently. A third reviewer mediated any disagreements between the two researchers

OR, operating room.