Table 2.

Clinicopathological findings of two cases with autopsy-proven chemobrains

	Case 1	Case 2
Age/Gender	64/F	63/M
Active problem	Loss of consciousness, sleep tendency, type I respiratory failure due to aspiration pneumonia and sepsis	Disorientation, drowsy mentality, sleep tendency, coma Pneumonia, sepsis, & DIC, multiorgan failure
Underlying disease	Relapsed Acute undifferentiated myelogenous leukemia	Myelodysplastic syndrome excess blast 1 (MDS-EB1)
Chemotherapy-Regimen	FLAG, IDAC	Azacitidine #3
Transplant	MUD-alloPBSCT	MUD-alloPBSCT
Autopsy finding	Numerous axonal spheroid with vacuolar changes of the white matter and exogenous foamy macrophage (CD68-positive/TMEM119-negative) infiltration Beta-amyloid deposit in the degenerated axons of the optic tract of occipital and temporal lobes	Numerous axonal spheroids with vacuolation of the white matter with exogenous foamy macrophage (CD68-positive/TMEM119-negative) infiltration Beta-amyloid deposit in the axons, extensively in the most white matter
Main involving area	The white matter of the occipital and temporal lobe	The white matter of the occipital, temporal, and parietal lobe
T- or B-lymphocytes	Absent in the entire brain parenchyma	Absent in the entire brain parenchyma
Survival	3 months after alloPBSCT	4 months after alloPBSCT (about 3 months after onset of disorientation)

FLAG (fludarabine, Ara-Cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor), IDAC Intermediate-dose Ara-Cytarabine, MUD Matched unrelated donor, allPBSCT Allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation