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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022 Jul 4;31(8):106628. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106628

Table 1.

Characteristics of Study Population, Stratified by Race and Sex

Black men Black women White men White women
Totals 248 242 311 227
N (%) N (%) N (%) N (%)
Risk Factors
Age (mean ± SD) 42.7 ± 5.8 40.1 ± 7.4 42.5 ± 5.9 38.3 ± 7.7
Current Smoking 125 (50.4%) 122 (50.6%) 117 (37.6%) 112 (49.3%)
Obesity 123 (49.6%) 112 (46.3%) 110 (35.4%) 65 (28.6%)
Diabetes 60 (24.2%) 46 (19.0%) 43 (13.8%) 21 (9.3%)
Hx Angina/MI 30 (12.2%) 34 (14.1%) 41 (13.3%) 25 (11.2%)
Hx Atrial Fibrillation 10 (4.0%) 4 (1.7%) 8 (2.6%) 2 (0.9%)
Hx HTN 151 (60.9%) 104 (43.0%) 109 (35.1%) 60 (26.4%)
Hypertension Indicators
Echo performed 199 (80.0%) 184 (76.0%) 236 (76.8%) 168 (74.0%)
Echo-LVH 107 (53.8%) 60 (32.6%) 83 (35.2%) 18 (10.7%)
ECG performed 233 (94.0%) 201 (83.1%) 289 (93.0%) 184 (81.1%)
ECG-LVH 75 (32.2%) 31 (15.4%) 42 (14.5%) 11 (6.0%)
TOAST Subtypes
Cardioembolic 57 (23.0%) 43 (17.8%) 65 (20.9%) 47 (20.7%)
Large Artery 19 (7.7%) 8 (3.3%) 27 (8.7%) 15 (6.6%)
Small Vessel 47 (19.0%) 39 (16.1%) 46 (14.8%) 17 (7.5%)
Other Determined 10 (4.0%) 23 (9.5%) 12 (3.9%) 39 (17.2%)
Undetermined 115 (46.4%) 129 (53.3%) 161 (51.8%) 109 (48.0%)