Table.
Overview of significant research carried out using metabolomics approach in breast, ovarian and cervical cancer
| Study | Cancer type | Biomarkers | Platform |
|---|---|---|---|
| Odunsi et al36, 2005 | Ovarian | Detection of EOC: 100 per cent Benign ovarian disease: 100 per cent Control from patients: 97 per cent Sensitivity: 100 per cent Specificity: 100 per cent |
1H-NMR |
| Denkert et al37, 2006 | Ovarian | Enzymes regulating pyrimidine metabolism | GC-TOF |
| Woo et al38, 2009 | Breast, Cervical, Ovarian | BrCa: ↑ 5-hydroxymethyl-2-deoxyuridine and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-deoxyuridine, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine Ov Ca: Non-specific↑in 1-methyladenosine, 3-methyluridine and 4-androstene-3,17-dione Cx Ca: Patterns were distinguished |
GC/MS, LC-MS |
| Kim et al39, 2010 | Breast | Urine metabolites (multivariate classification) | GC/MS |
| Slupsky et al40, 2010 | Breast and Ovarian | Supressed TCA and urea cycle; ↓glucose; ↑amino acids transports | NMR |
| Oakman et al41, 2011 | Breast | Differential metabolites were obtained for metastatic, early patients and control | NMR |
| Li et al42, 2011 | Breast | Predicted presence of cancer with 69 per cent sensitivity and 94 per cent specificity | HR-MAS MR |
| Fong et al43 2011 | Ovarian | Changes in glycolysis; β-oxidation of fatty acids, phenylalanine catabolism; aminobutyrate; isoforms of tocopherols; N-acetyl aspartate; N-acetyl-aspartly-glutamate | GC/MS, LC-MS/MS |
| Budczies et al44, 2012 | Breast | Detection rate for this biomarker: cytidine-5-phosphate/pentadecanoic acid ratio Sensitivity: 94.8 per cent Specificity: 93.9 per cent |
GC-TOF-MS |
| Hasim et al45, 2013 | Cervical | Plasma-free amino acids | HPLC |
| Elia et al46, 2015 | Cervical | 3-hexanone, hexanal, dodecane, 4-methyl and 3-ethylcyclopentanone | GC/MS |
| Huang et al47, 2016 | Breast | Found taurine, hypotaurine, glutamate and aspartate pathway metabolites | LC-MS/TOF, GC-TOF-MS |
| Ke C et al48, 2016 | Ovarian | EOC primary: 37 metabolites identified-abnormal lipid metabolism, energy disorders Post-surgical: 30 metabolites identified-oxidative stress markers Recurrence cases: 26 metabolites identified-↑amino acids and lipid metabolism |
LC/MS |
| Yang W et al50, 2018 | Ovarian | 2-piperidinone and 1-heptadecanoylglycerophosphoethanolamine Sensitivity- 73 and 97 per cent, respectively Specificity-83 and 60 per cent, respectively |
UPLC/Q-TOF MS |
| Zhou et al49, 2019 | Cervical | Cer (d18:1/16:0), PC (15:0/16:0), PC (16:0/16:0), PE (16:0/20:0), PC (14:0/20:0), PS [17:0/22:2 (13Z,16Z)], PG [21:0/22:4 (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)] and SM (d18:1/20:0) | UPLC/Q-TOF MS |
| His M et al51, 2019 | Breast | Acetylcarnitine (Positive association) Arginine, Asparagine and PC (inverse association ) |
QTRAP5500-MS |
| Paraskevaidi M et al52, 2020 | Cervical | Detection of high risk HPV strain Sensitivity-94 per cent Specificity-83 per cent |
LA-REIMS |
| Pappa KI et al53, 2021 | Cervical | Perturbance in normal pathway was noted in cancerous cell line. SiHa and HeLa cell line took purine salvage pathway while C33A showed synthesis of cytidine through novel mechanism. | UPLC-MS/MS |
EOC, epithelial ovarian cancer; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; GC, gas chromatography; TOF, time-of-flight; MS, mass spectrometry; LCMS, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; HR-MAS, high-resolution magic angle spinning; MR, magnetic resonance; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; TCA, tricarboxylic acid