Table 1.
The application of stem cells derived unmodified and functionalized EVs in cancer therapy.
| EVs type | EVs sources | Guest molecules | Target gene | Applications | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sEVs | MenSCs, hucMSCs | — | VEGF | Inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth of OSCC | (Rosenberger et al., 2019) |
| MVs | BMMSCs | — | — | Inhibit tumor growth | (Bruno et al., 2013) |
| sEVs | BMMSCs | miR-206 | TRA2B | Inhibit osteosarcoma progression | (Zhang et al., 2020) |
| sEVs | mBMMSCs | miRNA-9-3p | ESM1 | Inhibit bladder cancer growth | (Cai et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | miR-100 | mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF | Suppress angiogenesis in breast cancer cells | (Pakravan et al., 2017) |
| sEVs | mBMMSCs | miR-16 | VEGF | Suppress angiogenesis in breast cancer cells | (Lee et al., 2013) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | miR-23b | MARCKS | Promote dormancy in metastatic breast cancer cells | (Ono et al., 2014) |
| sEVs | hucMSCs | — | Activated caspase pathway | Enhance imatinib-induced apoptosis in leukemia cells | (Liu et al., 2018) |
| Apo EVs | mBMMSCs | — | — | Ameliorate multiple myeloma by activating Fas/FasL pathway | (Wang et al., 2021) |
| EVs | GM-CSF-hESCs | — | — | A preventive vaccine against cancer | (Yaddanapudi et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | BMMSCs | miR-15a | — | Inhibit the growth of MM cells | (Roccaro et al., 2013) |
| sEVs | GA-hMSCs | miR-1587 | NCOR1 | Enhance the aggressiveness of glioblastoma | (Figueroa et al., 2017) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | miR-199a | AGAP2 | Inhibit glioma progression | (Yu et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | hADMSCs | antagomiR-222/223 | — | Promote early dormancy of breast cancer | (Bliss et al., 2016) |
| sEVs | hADMSCs | miR-122 | CCNG1, ADAM10, IGF1R | Increase chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma | (Lou et al., 2015) |
| sEVs | hucMSCs | miR-145-5p | Smad3 | Inhibit PDAC progression | (Ding et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | miR-143 | TFF3 | Inhibit prostate cancer growth | (Che et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | MSCs | miR-124, miR-145 | SCP-1, Sox2 | Inhibit gliom cells growth | (Lee et al., 2013) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | miR-143 | — | Inhibit osteosarcoma cells migration | (Shimbo et al., 2014) |
| sEVs | hucMSCs | miR-375 | ENAH | Retard ESCC progression | (He et al., 2020) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | PTX | — | For breast cancer chemotherapy | (Kalimuthu et al., 2018) |
| sEVs | MSCs | siRNA | PLK-1 | Induced cell apoptosis and necrosis | (Greco et al., 2016) |
| sEVs | MSCs | miR-146b | EGFR | Inhibit glioma xenograft growth | (Katakowski et al., 2013) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | miRNA-1231 | — | Inhibit the activity of pancreatic cancer | (Shang et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | ADMSCs | miR-145 | — | Suppress prostate cancer progression | (Takahara et al., 2016) |
| sEVs | BMMSCs | miR-126-3p | ADAM9 | Inhibit pancreatic cancer development | (Wu et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | mBMMSCs | miR-133b | EZH2 | Suppress glioma progression | (Xu et al., 2019) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | anti-miR-9 | P-gp | Reverse chemoresistance | (Munoz et al., 2013) |
| sEVs | hMSCs | SPIONs | — | Target tumor cell ablation | (Altanerova et al., 2017) |
| sEVs | hBMMSCs | Circ0030167 | — | Inhibit the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer | (Yao et al., 2021) |