TABLE A1.
Characteristics of overall COVID‐19 cohort—sample 1 (all hospitalized) and sample 2 (mechanical ventilation/intensive care unit [ICU])
| Overall COVID‐19 cohort (n = 189,188) | Sample 1 a : all hospitalized (n = 33,380) | Sample 2 a : mechanical ventilation/ICU (n = 10,273) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N (%) | N (%) | Standardized difference b | N (%) | Standardized difference b |
| Age (mean, SD) | 64.7 (10.5) | 69.2 (11.2) | 0.4766 | 68.9 (10.5) | 0.3960 |
| Race | 0.1444 | 0.1245 | |||
| Black | 20,698 (10.9%) | 4755 (14.3%) | 1430 (13.9%) | ||
| White | 141,637 (74.9%) | 23,850 (71.5%) | 7213 (70.2%) | ||
| Asian | 3579 (1.9%) | 856 (2.6%) | 290 (2.8%) | ||
| Other | 23,274 (12.3%) | 3919 (11.7%) | 1340 (13.0%) | ||
| Ethnicity | 0.1530 | 0.1420 | |||
| Hispanic | 13,579 (7.2%) | 3160 (9.5%) | 1067 (10.4%) | ||
| Non‐Hispanic | 155,807 (82.4%) | 27,873 (83.5%) | 8381 (81.6%) | ||
| Unknown | 19,802 (10.5%) | 2347 (7.0%) | 825 (8.0%) | ||
| Region | 0.1378 | 0.1888 | |||
| Midwest | 91,716 (48.5%) | 14,847 (44.5%) | 4842 (47.1%) | ||
| Northeast | 47,717 (25.2%) | 8408 (25.2%) | 2213 (21.5%) | ||
| South | 31,738 (16.8%) | 7152 (21.4%) | 2315 (22.5%) | ||
| West | 12,550 (6.6%) | 2083 (6.2%) | 652 (6.4%) | ||
| Unknown | 5467 (2.9%) | 890 (2.7%) | 251 (2.4%) | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Angina | 4825 (2.6%) | 1066 (3.2%) | 0.0473 | 285 (2.8%) | 0.0147 |
| CVD | 33,089 (17.5%) | 9387 (28.1%) | 0.3173 | 2948 (28.7%) | 0.2854 |
| COPD | 31,455 (16.6%) | 8501 (25.5%) | 0.2703 | 2812 (27.4%) | 0.2784 |
| Diabetes | 50,445 (26.7%) | 13,481 (40.4%) | 0.3629 | 4562 (44.4%) | 0.4011 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 87,791 (46.4%) | 18,513 (55.5%) | 0.2213 | 5816 (56.6%) | 0.2173 |
| Hypertension | 100,422 (53.1%) | 23,655 (70.9%) | 0.4521 | 7556 (73.6%) | 0.4593 |
| Obesity | 37,270 (19.7%) | 9473 (28.4%) | 0.2520 | 3196 (31.1%) | 0.2811 |
| Elixhauser index | 0.8553 | 0.9037 | |||
| 0 | 86,959 (46.0%) | 6410 (19.2%) | 1514 (14.7%) | ||
| 1 | 36,311 (19.2%) | 5830 (17.5%) | 1431 (13.9%) | ||
| 2 | 21,391 (11.3%) | 5075 (15.2%) | 1464 (14.3%) | ||
| ≥3 | 44,527 (23.5%) | 16,065 (48.1%) | 5864 (57.1%) | ||
a
Each case–control study was matched on sex, race, age group, and each of the following medical conditions: COPD (ICD‐10‐CM = I27.8x, I27.9, J41.x‐J47.x, J60.x‐J67.x, J68.4, J70.1, J70.3), obesity (ICD‐10‐CM = E66.x), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) (ICD‐10‐CM = I25.10), angina (ICD‐10‐CM = I20.x), diabetes (ICD‐10‐CM = E11.x‐E13.x), hypertension (ICD‐10‐CM = I10.x‐I15.x), and hyperlipidemia (ICD‐10‐CM = E78.x, E88.1).
b
Comparison was made between each sample versus the overall cohort.