TABLE 1.
Demographics of patients diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C)
| Category | Subcategory | Total Cohort N = 356 | Group A IVIG + Steroid N = 153 | Group B IVIG N = 33 | Group C Steroid N = 43 | Group D None N = 127 | p‐Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 8.8 (4.0, 13) | 8.9 (5.5, 12.0) | 5.5 (3.4, 11) | 10 (5.3, 15) | 9 (1.7, 14.1) | 0.29 | |
| Age categories a | Neonate | 5 (1.4%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (3.2%) | <0.001 |
| Infant | 45 (12.6%) | 7 (4.6%) | 4 (12.1%) | 4 (9.3%) | 30 (23.6%) | ||
| Child | 187 (52.5%) | 104 (67.9%) | 21 (63.6%) | 21 (48.8%) | 41 (32.3%) | ||
| Adolescent | 119 (33.4%) | 41 (26.8%) | 8 (24.2%) | 18 (41.8%) | 52 (40.9%) | ||
| Sex | Male | 210 (58.9%) | 101 (66.0%) | 19 (57.6%) | 22 (51.2%) | 68 (53.5%) | 0.12 |
| Race b | White | 104 (29.2%) | 45 (29.4%) | 8 (24.2%) | 13 (30.2%) | 38 (29.9%) | 0.24 |
| Black | 115 (32.3%) | 56 (36.6%) | 7 (21.2%) | 14 (32.6%) | 38 (29.9%) | ||
| Asian | 6 (1.6%) | 4 (2.6%) | 1 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.8%) | ||
| Other | 42 (11.7%) | 12 (7.8%) | 3 (9.1%) | 8 (18.6%) | 19 (14.9%) | ||
| Hispanic | 89 (25.0%) | 36 (23.5%) | 14 (42.4%) | 8 (18.8%) | 31 (24.4%) | ||
| Obesity c | Yes | 112 (31.4%) | 45 (29.4%) | 11 (33.3%) | 19 (44.2%) | 37 (29.1%) | 0.27 |
| Admit to ICU d | Yes | 247 (69.3%) | 116 (75.8%) | 17 (51.5%) | 39 (90.7%) | 75 (59.1%) | <0.001 |
| Critical Illness e | Yes | 146 (41.0%) | 76 (49.6%) | 10 (30.3%) | 22 (51.2%) | 38 (29.9%) | 0.002 |
| WHO ordinal scale f | Three | 240 (57.4%) | 91 (59.5%) | 25 (25.7%) | 17 (39.5%) | 107 (84.3%) | <0.001 |
| Four | 47 (13.2%) | 23 (15.0%) | 6 (18.2%) | 8 (18.8%) | 10 (7.9%) | ||
| Five | 37 (10.3%) | 20 (13.1%) | 1 (3.0%) | 10 (23.2%) | 6 (4.7%) | ||
| Six | 10 (2.8%) | 2 (1.3%) | 1 (3.0%) | 4 (9.3%) | 3 (2.4%) | ||
| Seven | 22 (6.1%) | 17 (11.1%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (9.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | ||
| Abnormal inflammatory mediators g | Yes | 235 (66.0%) | 130 (84.9%) | 26 (78.8%) | 30 (69.7%) | 49 (38.6%) | <0.001 |
| >3 Signs or symptoms | Yes | 326 (91.5%) | 151 (98.7%) | 32 (96.9%) | 36 (83.7%) | 107 (84.3%) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities | Yes | 114 (32.0%) | 43 (28.1%) | 7 (21.2%) | 23 (53.4%) | 41 (32.3%) | 0.007 |
| Viral coinfection | Yes | 13 (3.6%) | 5 (3.3%) | 2 (6.1%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (4.7%) | 0.44 |
| Bacterial coinfection | Yes | 39 (10.9%) | 15 (9.8%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (11.6%) | 19 (14.9%) | 0.09 |
| SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR | Positive | 229 (64.3%) | 81 (52.9%) | 24 (72.7%) | 33 (76.7%) | 91 (71.6%) | 0.001 |
| SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG | Positive | 245/278 (88.1%) | 137/146 (93.8%) | 26/28 (92.8%) | 16/20 (80%) | 66/84 (78.6%) | 0.003 |
Note: Values represent median (interquartile range) or frequency (percentage) as appropriate.
Neonate (≤28 days); Infant (>28 days to <2 years); Child (≥2 years to 12 years); Adolescent (≥12 years).
Non‐Hispanic White, non‐Hispanic Black, non‐Hispanic Asian, non‐Hispanic Other.
By BMI or obesity listed as comorbidity.
At any time during hospitalization.
Critical disease represents invasive respiratory support (ventilator, nitric oxide) or invasive hemodynamic support (inotropes/vasopressors/ECMO) or invasive renal support (dialysis) or hospital mortality.
hospitalized, no oxygen therapy (3), oxygen by mass or nasal prongs (4), non‐invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen (5), intubation and mechanical ventilation (6), ventilation and additional organ support including pressers, renal replacement, or ECMO (7).
High or low (leukocyte count, platelets, and fibrinogen), high (CRP, pro calcitonin, ferritin, interleukin, d‐dimer), low (serum albumin) on day 0/1 of admission.