Table 1.
Clinical, nutrition, and ventilatory characteristics of patients during measurements in the ICU
| Days of EE recording by IC after admission | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–3 ICU days | 4–7 ICU days | ≥8 ICU days | P value | |
| Total number of patients included from ICU | 58 | |||
| Number of patients, n (%) | 3 (5) | 13 (23) | 42 (72) | – |
| Number of measurements in ICU after admission (n = 117), n (%) | 49 (42) | 58 (50) | 10 (8) | – |
| Age, years, mean + SD | 58.8 ± 15.0 | 61.76 ± 14.34 | 59.85 ± 16.1 | 0.642 |
| BMI, mean + SD | 24.55 ± 3.33 | 24.95 ± 3.6 | 25.36 ± 4.66 | 0.663 |
| Weight, kg, mean + SD | 66.7 ± 10.11 | 67.17 ± 10.6 | 68.42 ± 15.69 | 0.828 |
| Height, cm, mean + SD | 165.08 ± 6.9 | 164.07 ± 6.5 | 163.77 ± 7.9 | 0.684 |
| NRS score (low [<3], high [≥3]), mean + SD | 4.0 ± 0.645 | 4.12 ± 0.67 | 4.08 ± 0.74 | 0.698 |
| mNUTRIC score (low [0–4], high [5−9]), mean + SD | 6.22 ± 1.23 | 6.57 ± 1.33 | 6.69 ± 1.41 | 0.261 |
| Baseline APACHE II, mean + SD | 23.3 ± 4.56 | 24.1 ± 4.52 | 23.96 ± 4.15 | 0.673 |
| SOFA score, mean + SD | 9.0 ± 2.65 | 7.6 ± 3.68 | 6.85 ± 3.6 | 0.470 |
| VO2 (ml/min), mean + SD | 226 ± 93.51 | 221 ± 56.72 | 231 ± 62 | 0.873 |
| VCO2 (ml/min), mean + SD | 169.5 ± 66.9 | 167.4 ± 51.4 | 172.5 ± 47.7 | 0.937 |
| EE by IC (kcal/day), mean + SD | 1489.45 ± 606.6 | 1501.9 ± 406.5 | 1547.6 ± 424.1 | 0.890 |
| EE by VCO2‐based predictive equation (kcal/day), mean + SD | 1389.98 ± 548 | 1372.33 ± 422 | 1414.82 ± 390.9 | 0.937 |
| EE by weight‐based predictive equation (kcal/day), mean + SD | 2549.6 ± 527.7 | 2564.7 ± 440.3 | 2645.5 ± 401.7 | 0.690 |
| CRP, mean + SD | 121.3 ± 96.9 | 121.5 ± 90.8 | 91.9 ± 61.3 | 0.403 |
| D‐Dimer, mean + SD | 4.1 ± 4.9 | 5.6 ± 10.5 | 1.0 ± 0.53 | 0.307 |
| LDH, mean + SD | 613.9 ± 318.6 | 587.3 ± 290 | 413.3 ± 153.5 | 0.060 |
| Ferritin, mean + SD | 1543.8 ± 1763.4 | 1278.2 ± 1199.5 | 1064.1 ± 632.8 | 0.538 |
| LOS, inpatient days, mean + SD | 3.0 ± 0 | 5.3 ± 0.93 | 20.5 ± 10.3 | <0.001 |
| Median (interquartile range), LOS | 3 | 5 (4.5–6) | 18 (11.5–30) | <0.001 |
| MV h, mean + SD | 204.8 ± 199.8 | 253.6 ± 206.7 | 413.5 ± 193.9 | <0.001 |
| Number of comorbidities | ||||
| Nil | 17 | 11 | 6 | |
| ≤2 | 21 | 23 | 15 | |
| ≥3 | 11 | 8 | 5 | |
Note: BMI calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Abbreviations: APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C‐reactive protein; EE, energy expenditure; IC, indirect calorimetry; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; mNUTRIC, modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill; MV, mechanical ventilation; NRS, nutritional risk screening; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; VCO2, carbon dioxide consumption.