TABLE 2.
Characteristics of cases according to features of immune‐mediated hepatitis
| With immune‐mediated hepatitis (n = 45) | Without immune‐mediated hepatitis (n = 34) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median years (range) | 49 (30–76) | 48 (18–79) | 0.556 |
| Sex (female), n (%) | 29 (64.4) | 19 (55.9) | 0.440 |
| Pre‐existing liver disease, n (%) | 4 (8.9) | 4 (11.8) | 0.675 |
| Autoimmune disease, n (%) | 15 (33.3) | 6 (17.6) | 0.118 |
| Peak ALT × ULN | 18.8 (3.1–81.8) | 10.7 (3.3–203.7) | 0.305 |
| Peak AST × ULN | 18.1 (2.6–250) | 13.1 (1.8–174.3) | 0.078 |
| Peak ALP × ULN | 1.3 (0.4–7.1) | 1.4 (0.6–6.5) | 0.770 |
| Peak total bilirubin × ULN | 5.8 (0.6–23.2) | 2.2 (0.3–17.9) | 0.079 |
| INR | 1.2 (0.6–3.8) | 1.1 (0.6–3.6) | 0.662 |
| Pattern of injury, n (%) | |||
| Hepatocellular | 40 (88.9) | 27 (79.4) | 0.245 |
| Mixed | 3 (6.7) | 4 (11.8) | 0.430 |
| Cholestatic | 2 (4.4) | 3 (8.8) | 0.429 |
| Fibrosis stage 0‐2, n (%) | 28 (90.3) | 13 (100) | 0.245 |
| Grade 3–4 liver injury, n (%) | 12 (26.7) | 5 (14.7) | 0.200 |
| Corticosteroid therapy, n (%) | 32 (71.1) | 13 (38.2) | 0.003 |
| Liver transplant, n (%) | ‐ | 1 (2.9) | 0.247 |
| Time from liver injury to normalization (days) | 54 (15–185) | 40 (15–120) | 0.137 |
| Follow‐up duration after normalization (days) | 120 (35–182) | 80 (45–192) | 0.036 |
Note: Eight patients (six without complete laboratory assessment and two with known AIH diagnosis) were not included in immune‐mediated phenotype analysis. Of these eight patients, one received corticosteroid therapy.