Table 1. Role of polymeric hydrogels in skin tissue regeneration.
| Formulation | Author | Role | Reference |
| PVA/Dextran-aldehyde composite hydrogel. | Zheng et al (2019) |
• Fluid absorption (6 times of original weight), and tensile strength (5.6 MPa). • Interconnected porous networks (5–10 μm). |
13 |
| Gentamycin loaded PVA/sericin hydrogel. | Tao et al (2019) | • Excellent hydrophilicity, and swelling behavior. | 14 |
| Novel liposomal polyvinyl pyrrolidone hydrogel | Vogt et al (2001) | • Excellent tolerability and delivery characteristics | 15 |
| Novel lignin- CS- PVA composite hydrogel. | Zhang et al (2019) |
• Ideal mechanical strength (tensile stress up to 46.87 MPa), and the protein adsorption capacity. • Reepithelization and Revascularization. |
16 |
| Icariin loaded PVA/agar hydrogel scaffold. | Uppuluri et al (2019) | • Biocompatibility and biomimetic characteristics. | 17 |
| Sodium fusidate loaded PVA/PVP film-forming hydrogel. | Kim et al (2015) | • Flexibility, elasticity, and also shown optimal drug release along with fast film forming ability. | 18 |
| PAA/CS and PVP. | Rasool et al (2019) | • Thermal stability, biodegrability and antibacterial activity (against E. coli). | 19 |
| Neomycin sulfate-loaded PVA/PVP/SA hydrogel. | Choi et al (2016) | • Bioadhesive strength, and tensile strength characteristics. | 20 |
| Poloxamer/CS/hyaluronic hydrogel loaded with antioxidant molecules (i.e. vitamins A, D, and E). | Soriano-Ruiz et al (2020) | • Ideal mechanical properties and antimicrobial potential. | 21 |
| Hyaluronic acid-poloxamer hydrogel. | Li et al (2019) |
• Moisture retaining characteristics. • Anti-microbial activity. |
22 |
| WJ-MSC loaded SAP/PF127 hydrogel. | Deng et al (2020) | • Enhanced the collagen content, hair follicles. | 23 |
| hmCS and oxidized dextran hydrogel. | Du et al (2019) |
• Viscoelasticity, non-cytotoxic and bioadhesive characteristics. • Antibacterial activity. |
24 |
| SA and GMs incorporated Dex-HA hydrogel. | Zhu et al (2018) |
• Porosity (80%), swelling ratio (8 times in water and 7 times in PBS), antimicrobial potency. • Increased proliferation of NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells. |
25 |
| Dextran hydrogel. | Shen et al (2015) |
• Anti- inflammatory response. • Angiogenesis and reepithelization. |
26 |
| Granule-lyophilised platelet-rich fibrin loaded PVA hydrogel scaffolds. | Xu et al (2018) |
• Biodegradability (17–22%). • Mechanical strength (6.451×10−2MPa). • Re-epithelization and revascularization. |
27 |
| PEG-fibrin hydrogel | Burmeister et al (2017) | • Enhanced the granular tissue formation without delaying the reepithelization process. | 28 |
| Benlysta loaded sodium alginate hydrogel. | Wang et al (2020) |
• Swelling rate (150%). • Sustained rate of drug release (i.e. 50% of release in 72 hours). • Biodegradability (i.e. retaining 95% weight within 72 hours). |
29 |
| PVA/modified sodium alginate hydrogel. | Wu et al (2020) |
• Biomimetic property. • Minimal self-healing time (15 seconds). |
30 |
| Naringenin loaded alginate hydrogel. | Salehi et al (2020) |
• Porosity (86.7 ± 5.3%). • Swelling (342 ± 18% at 240 min). • Sustained release profile (74.09 ± 8.71% over 14 days). • Biodegradability (89% at 14th day). • Antibacterial property. |
31 |
Abbreviations: PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; PVP, poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone); PAA, Poly acrylic acid; CS, chitosan; SA, sanguinarine; GMs, gelatin microsphere; hmCS, hydrophobically modified chitosan; HA, hyaluronic acid; WJ-MSC, Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell; SAP, sodium ascorbyl phosphate.