Types of CNTs
|
Synthesis method
|
Concentration
|
Species
|
Main findings
|
References
|
SWNTs |
CO disproportionation |
5 µg/mL |
E. coli
|
Releasing intracellular content due to irrecoverable outer membrane damage. |
15
|
SWNTs |
CO disproportionation |
5 µg/mL |
E. coli
|
Microbial cells lost their cellular integrity. |
16
|
MWNTs |
CVD method |
5 µg/mL |
E. coli
|
Many of the bacterial cells remain intact and preserve their outer membrane. |
17
|
SWNTs and MWNTs |
CVD method |
20 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL |
L. acidophilus, E. coli, B. adolescentis, E. faecalis, and S. aureus
|
The antimicrobial mechanism is associated with length-dependent wrapping and diameter-dependent piercing upon microbial cell membrane damage and the release of intracellular contents. |
19
|
MWNTs |
Nanocycle productions |
1.5 mg/L-1 – 100 mg/L-1
|
E. coli
|
The MIC values of MWNTs were high, indicating low microbial toxicity. |
38
|
MWNTs |
- |
- |
E. coli, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa
|
The viability results demonstrated that the toxicity of MWNTs (2-log cell density reduction) against selected pathogens. |
39
|
DWNTs and MWNTs |
NE scientific productions |
20 µg/mL – 100 µg/mL |
Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans
|
MWNTs demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity than DWNTs against selected pathogens. |
21
|
MWNTs |
Nanotech Labs productions |
20 mg/20 mL |
P. fluorescens
|
The percentage of inactivated bacteria by MWNTs was recorded at 44%. It was observed that MWNTs showed a significant effect on the inhibition of microbial adhesion due to the electrochemical potential. |
40
|
SWNTs |
- |
5 µg/mL |
Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis
|
No obvious physical destruction was observed below 10 nN of applied force. |
41
|
SWNT, DWNT, and MWNT |
Electric arc discharge, and CCVD |
100 µg/mL |
Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans
|
Microbial death induced by the aggregation of CNTs that were trapped on the microbial cell surface. |
42
|
SWNTs, and MWNTs |
- |
0.2 mg/mL |
E. coli
|
Laser-activated CNTs had the potential to control the growth of bacteria. |
43
|