Table 3.

Cardiovascular morphology for the AGA, SGA and LGA groups with adjusted means for sex and lean body mass

	AGA	(N = 48)	SGA	(N = 23)	LGA	(N = 19)	p
Aorta and pulmonary artery
Abdominal aorta diameter (cm)	0.80	(0.01)	0.79	(0.02)	0.83	(0.02)	0.218
Aortic proximal arch diameter (cm)	1.53	(0.03)	1.51	(0.05)	1.51	(0.05)	0.900
Aortic distal arch diameter (cm)	1.19	(0.02)	1.22	(0.03)	1.17	(0.03)	0.544
Aortic isthmus diameter (cm)	1.11	(0.02)	1.07	(0.04)	1.12	(0.04)	0.661
Aortic valve diameter (cm)	1.38	(0.02)	1.35	(0.02)	1.34	(0.03)	0.574
Aortic root diameter (cm)	1.86	(0.03)	1.87	(0.04)	1.84	(0.05)	0.877
Aortic sinotubular junction diameter (cm)	1.61	(0.02)	1.67	(0.040)	1.62	(0.04)	0.360
Pulmonary valve diameter (cm)	1.90	(0.03)	1.82	(0.05)	1.86	(0.05)	0.437
Left ventricle and atrium
Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (cm)	3.7	(0.0)	3.8	(0.1)	3.6	(0.1)	0.049
Left ventricular mass (g)	41	(1)	44	(2)	39	(2)	0.254
Left ventricular length (cm)	5.5	(0.1)	5.6	(0.1)	5.5	(0.1)	0.553
Left ventricular base (cm)	2.6	(0.0)	2.5	(0.0)	2.6	(0.0)	0.783
Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (ml)	40	(1)	42	(2)	41	(2)	0.715
Left atrial volume (ml)	18	(1)	19	(1)	20*	(1)	0.036
Right ventricle and atrium
Right ventricular length (cm)	4.9	(0.1)	4.9	(0.1)	5.0	(0.1)	0.682
Right ventricular base (cm)	2.6	(0.0)	2.5	(0.0)	2.7	(0.1)	0.304
Right ventricular mid-cavity diameter (cm)	2.4	(0.0)	2.4	(0.1)	2.3	(0.1)	0.694
Right ventricular diastolic area (cm2)	10.3	(0.2)	10.2	(0.3)	10.2	(0.3)	0.903
Right atrial area (cm2)	7.5	(0.2)	7.2	(0.2)	7.6	(0.2)	0.442

Data are given as adjusted mean (SE). P corresponds to group as a predictor in ANCOVA. Significant differences in post hoc tests (Fisher's LSD) between AGA and SGA or LGA are indicated with * corresponding to a two-sided significance level of < 0.05. The significance level of Fisher's LSD is corrected for two group comparisons

AGA appropriate for gestational age; LGA large for gestational age; SGA small for gestational age