Table 1.

Common marmoset’s personality structure derived from questionnaire ratings based on Koski et al.⁴⁰.

Dimensions	Abbreviation	Items
Conscientiousnessa	co	− thoughtless, − bullying, − clumsy, − eccentric, − reckless, − disorganised, − imitative, − erratic, − jealous, − aggressive, − irritable, − impulsive, − excitable, − unperceptive, − socially playful, − depressed, − stingy, − playful, − assertive
Agreeableness	ag	+ friendly, + equable, + affectionate, + permissive, + gentle, + sociable, + popular, + helpful, + predictable, + unemotional, + protective
Assertivenessa	as	− cautious, − dependent, + dominant, + independent, + confident, − timid, − submissive, − fearful, − tense, − anxious, − vulnerable, + selective, − sympathetic
Patience	pa	− distractible, − quitting, + intelligent, + inventive, + sensitive, + persistent, + patient
Inquisitivenessa	in	− lazy, + exploratory, + inquisitive, + active, + opportunistic, − solitary, + alert

The resulting personality structure comprises five dimensions (personality traits) characterised by a list of adjectives (items). Positive and negative loadings of items are indicated by + and −, respectively. Each individual then acquires a personality score describing variation between individuals on each dimension, e.g. from less (low score) to more (high score) agreeable individuals.

^aLoadings reversed to facilitate the interpretation, see⁴⁰.