Fig. 4. Experimental results of a three-function doublet.

a Schematic illustrating the operation of the three-function doublet with a single-function quasi-radial lens with NA = 0.4 as a diverging element and a dual-function metalens (two orthogonal cylindrical lenses, both with NA ~ 0.1) as a converging element. Dark field optical microscope images of the diverging (b) and converging (c) devices. SEM images of the diverging device at its center (d) and edge (e). SEM images of the converging device at its center (f) and edge (g). Arrows indicate phase gradient direction. h Measured transverse intensity distributions of handedness-converted light of the doublet at the shared focal plane. i Estimated Q-factors for the three lensing functions by integrating the optical intensity over the focal features (focal lines or focal spot) as a function of wavelength (Supplementary Section 10). Device dimensions are detailed in Table S1