TABLE 3.
Meta‐analysis of association between HLA‐DRB1b and HLA‐DQB1 alleles and COVID‐19 severity/outcome: allelic genetic model
| HLA‐DRB1 allele | Hospitalised versus Non‐hospitalised a | ICU + versus ICU‐ | Lethal versus Non‐lethal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n b | OR (95% CI) | p | Phet c | n | OR (95% CI) | p | Phet | n | OR (95% CI) | p | Phet | |
| DRB1*01 | 3 | 1.547 (0.880–2.718) | 0.130 | 0.921 | 4 | 1.028 (0.693–1.526) | 0.892 | 0.917 | 3 | 1.196 (0.724–1.975) | 0.485 | 0.806 |
| DRB1*03 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 1.143 (0.835–1.564) | 0.404 | 0.403 | 3 | 0.852 (0.557–1.302) | 0.459 | 0.997 |
| DRB1*04 | 3 | 0.992 (0.367–2.681) | 0.988 | 0.033 | 4 | 0.977 (0.697–1.370) | 0.892 | 0.233 | 3 | 0.998 (0.646–1.543) | 0.994 | 0.402 |
| DRB1*07 | 3 | 1.030 (0.549–1.934) | 0.927 | 0.525 | 4 | 1.007 (0.740–1.370) | 0.965 | 0.970 | 3 | 1.060 (0.730–1.539) | 0.758 | 0.737 |
| DRB1*08 | 3 | 2.503 (0.274–22.893) | 0.417 | 0.094 | 4 | 0.634 (0.321–1.253) | 0.190 | 0.802 | 3 | 0.528 (0.208–1.341) | 0.179 | 0.704 |
| DRB1*10 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 0.656 (0.301–1.426) | 0.287 | 0.600 | 3 | 1.205 (0.537–2.704) | 0.651 | 0.676 |
| DRB1*11 | 3 | 0.513 (0.300–0.878)* | 0.015 | 0.462 | 4 | 0.638 (0.446–0.916) | 0.015 | 0.492 | 3 | 0.833 (0.506–1.374) | 0.475 | 0.232 |
| DRB1*12 | 3 | 0.208 (0.029–1.469) | 0.115 | 0.25 | 4 | 0.427 (0.172–1.057) | 0.066 | 0.279 | 3 | 0.436 (0.099–1.925) | 0.273 | 0.663 |
| DRB1*13 | 3 | 1.052 (0.549–2.013) | 0.879 | 0.259 | 4 | 1.345 (0.983–1.840) | 0.064 | 0.688 | 3 | 1.312 (0.659–2.610) | 0.439 | 0.112 |
| DRB1*14 | 3 | 0.520 (0.204–1.325) | 0.171 | 0.567 | 4 | 1.058 (0.658–1.701) | 0.816 | 0.802 | 3 | 1.552 (0.851–2.833) | 0.152 | 0.865 |
| DRB1*15 | 3 | 1.075 (0.596–1.939) | 0.810 | 0.540 | 4 | 1.393 (1.002–1.938) | 0.049 | 0.786 | 3 | 0.887 (0.556–1.417) | 0.617 | 0.691 |
| DRB1*16 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 1.068 (0.570–2.002) | 0.837 | 0.463 | 3 | 1.238 (0.600–2.555) | 0.564 | 0.384 |
| HLA‐DQB1 allele | Hospitalised versus Non‐hospitalised a | ICU + versus ICU‐ | Lethal versus Non‐lethal | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n b | OR (95% CI) | p | Phet c | n | OR (95% CI) | p | Phet | n | OR (95% CI) | p | Phet | |
| DQB1*02 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 1.078 (0.838–1.388) | 0.558 | 0.553 | 3 | 0.858 (0.624–1.181) | 0.349 | 0.196 |
| DQB1*03 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 0.748 (0.587–0.953) | 0.019 | 0.776 | 3 | 0.855 (0.618–1.183) | 0.345 | 0.616 |
| DQB1*04 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 0.764 (0.399–1.466) | 0.419 | 0.721 | 3 | 1.068 (0.487–2.343) | 0.870 | 0.221 |
| DQB1*05 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 0.940 (0.716–1.233) | 0.653 | 0.188 | 3 | 1.223 (0.872–1.716) | 0.249 | 0.597 |
| DQB1*06 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 4 | 1.384 (1.077–1.779) | 0.011 | 0.419 | 3 | 1.114 (0.795–1.562) | 0.530 | 0.896 |
a
Hospitalised = Severe + Moderate, Non‐hospitalised = Mild (World Health Organisation critdria).
b
Number of studies/datasets.
c
p value obtained in heterogeneity test.
*Statistically significant results are shown in bold.