Table 4.
Multivariate logistic regression model analysing outcomes in CT COVID patients (n = 95)
| Increased PM reduction per 30 days 1 | Increased ESM reduction per 30 days 1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR 4 | Adjusted OR 4 | Unadjusted OR 4 | Adjusted OR 4 | |
| Mortality | 4.00 (1.27–13.3)* | 4.60 (1.37–16.8)* | 1.51 (0.47–4.49) | 1.48 (0.45–4.61) |
| ICU 3 admission | 2.44 (1.00–6.21)* | 2.51 (0.95–7.01) | 1.93 (0.81–4.81) | 1.94 (0.76–5.21) |
| Proning | 2.91 (1.06–8.25)* | 2.11 (0.72–6.27) | 2.78 (1.01–7.84)* | 2.26 (0.79–6.65) |
| High flow nasal cannula | 1.81 (0.76–4.38) | 1.53 (0.61–3.87) | 2.34 (0.98–5.68) | 2.05 (0.83–5.14) |
| NIPPV | 2.47 (1.02–6.11)* | 2.03 (0.79–5.24) | 1.44 (0.59–3.46) | 1.15 (0.45–2.88) |
| IMV 3 | 1.95 (0.81–4.74) | 1.49 (0.58–3.82) | 1.63 (0.68–3.91) | 1.45 (0.57–3.67) |
| ICU 3 length of stay (per day) | 1.00 (0.97–1.05) | 0.99 (0.94–1.05) | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 0.99 (0.94–1.03) |
| Need for dialysis | 0.92 (0.12–4.98) | 0.67 (0.08–3.90) | 2.85 (0.45–22.5) | 2.27 (0.34–18.5) |
1
Significant absolute PM reduction per 30 days defined as >4.988 cm2 cross‐sectional area. Significant absolute ESM reduction per 30 days defined as >4.152 cm2 cross‐sectional area. Determined by Youden's optimal cutpoint criteria.
2
Multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, race (African American vs. other) and BMI.
3
ESM = Erector spinae muscle; ICU = Intensive Care Unit; IMV = Invasive mechanical ventilation; NIPPV = Non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation; OR = Odds ratio; PM = Pectoralis muscle.
4
Values denoted by * are statistically significant.