TABLE 3.
Associations between risk factors and COVID related hospitalization
| Variables | Hospitalized N = 26 | Not hospitalized N = 61 | Univariable | Multivariable a (n = 79; 24 hospitalized and 55 not hospitalized) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | P value | OR | P value | ||||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| ≥15 years | 11 | 18 | 1.8 (0.7‐4.5) | .31 | ND | ND | |
| <15 years | 15 | 43 | |||||
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 17 | 31 | 1.8 (0.7‐4.7) | ·25 | ND | ND | |
| Female | 9 | 30 | |||||
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| Hispanic | 22 | 42 | 2.5 (0.8‐8.2) | ·18 | ND | ND | |
| Non‐Hispanic | 4 | 19 | |||||
| Weight status b | |||||||
| Obese/OW | 14 | 28 | 1.4 (0.5‐3.5) | .64 | ND | ND | |
| Lean | 12 | 33 | |||||
| Cancer | |||||||
| Hem | 22 | 41 | 2.7 (0.8‐8.8) | .12 | ND | ND | |
| Non‐hem | 4 | 20 | |||||
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Yes | 18 | 33 | 1.9 (0.7‐5.1) | .24 | ND | ND | |
| No | 8 | 28 | |||||
| Co_pulm | |||||||
| Yes | 3 | 2 | 3.9 (0.6‐24.5) | .16 | ND | ND | |
| No | 23 | 59 | |||||
| Co_cardiac | |||||||
| Yes | 4 | 5 | 2 (0.5‐8.3) | ·44 | ND | ND | |
| No | 22 | 56 | |||||
| Co_renal | |||||||
| Yes | 1 | 3 | 0.8 (0.1‐7.8) | 1 | ND | ND | |
| No | 25 | 58 | |||||
| Co_neuro | |||||||
| Yes | 4 | 10 | 0.9 (0.3‐3.3) | 1 | ND | ND | |
| No | 22 | 51 | |||||
| Co_GI | |||||||
| Yes | 4 | 6 | 1.7 (0.4‐6.5) | ·48 | ND | ND | |
| No | 22 | 55 | |||||
| Co_endocrine | |||||||
| Yes | 1 | 3 | 0.8 (0.1–7.8) | 1 | ND | ND | |
| No | 25 | 58 | |||||
| Co_infection | |||||||
| Yes | 5 | 3 | 4.6 (1–21) | .048 | 6.6 (1.02‐42.7) | .046 | |
| No | 21 | 58 | |||||
| Co_other | |||||||
| Yes | 9 | 10 | 2.7 (0.9‐7.8) | .15 | ND | ND | |
| No | 17 | 51 | |||||
| Therapy | |||||||
| Chemo | 21 | 43 | .37 | ND | ND | ||
| HSCT | 2 | 13 | 0.3 (0.1‐1.5) | .21 | |||
| CAR | 3 | 5 | 1.2 (0.3‐5.6) | 1 | |||
| Steroids | |||||||
| Yes | 12 | 6 | 7.9 (2.5‐24.6) | .003 | 5.1 (1.3‐20.1) | .02 | |
| No | 14 | 55 | |||||
| Anthracycline | |||||||
| Yes | 22 | 43 | 2.3 (0.7‐7.6) | .19 | ND | ND | |
| No | 4 | 18 | |||||
| Neutropenia | |||||||
| Yes | 9 | 5 | 5.9 (1.7‐20.1) | .004 | NS | ||
| No | 17 | 56 | |||||
| Lymphopenia | |||||||
| Yes | 17 | 18 | 4.5 (1.7‐12) | .004 | 7.1 (1.8‐28) | .006 | |
| No | 9 | 43 | |||||
| PCR C t (mean) | 20.2 (n = 24) | 27.2 (n = 55) | .0002 | 0.9 (0.83‐0.97) | .01 | ||
Note: All P values are two sided. Univariable P values (Fisher exact test for all categorial variables and t‐test for C t ) were not adjusted for multiple comparisons and should be interpreted with caution. Multivariable analysis was done using logistic regression. Steroids: exposure to steroids within 14 days prior to COVID‐19 diagnosis (does not include steroids administered for COVID‐19 management). Neutropenia: ANC <500. Lymphopenia: ALC <500.
Abbreviations: Co, comorbidity; GI, gastrointestinal; ND, not done; Neur: neurological; NS, not significant; Pulm: pulmonary.
Multivariable analysis P values and odds ratios shown are from a logistic regression analysis of data from the 79 patients for whom PCR C t data were available. Lymphopenia, Steroids, and Coinfection were significantly associated with hospitalization, and neutropenia was not significantly associated with hospitalization in a separate multivariable logistic regression analysis of data from all 87 patients that did not include PCR C t as a variable.