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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Med. 2022 Mar 21;28(4):814–822. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-01714-5

Table 2.

Plasma metabolites significantly associated with asthma in EPIC-Norfolk with replication in MGBB-Asthma.

Metabolite Metabolite
Subclass		 EPIC-Norfolk (N=10,754) MGBB-Asthma (N=610)
OR 95% CI P-value‡ OR 95% CI P-value‡
Dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) Androgenic Steroid 0.65 0.60, 0.70 1.4x10−27 0.38 0.25, 0.55 1.1x10−6
Steroid conjugate* Corticosteroid 0.68 0.61, 0.72 2.9x10−21 0.60 0.44, 0.81 1.1x10−3
Cortisone Corticosteroid 0.72 0.67, 0.77 7.8x10−20 0.46 0.31, 0.66 6.2x10−5
21-hydroxypregnenolone disulfate Pregnenolone Steroid 0.71 0.65, 0.77 4.5x10−16 0.47 0.33, 0.63 2.9x10−6
Epiandrosterone sulfate Androgenic Steroid 0.74 0.69, 0.80 1.1x10−13 0.41 0.29, 0.57 1.0x10−7
16a-hydroxy DHEA 3-sulfate Androgenic Steroid 0.81 0.66, 0.79 2.5x10−5 0.64 0.48, 0.85 1.9x10−3
Pregnenolone sulfate Pregnenolone Steroid 0.73 0.66, 0.79 3.2x10−12 0.38 0.27, 0.52 3.4x10−9
Androsterone sulfate Androstane Steroid 0.77 0.72, 0.83 2.1x10−11 0.45 0.33, 0.62 1.1x10−6
Cortisol Corticosteroid 0.78 0.72, 0.84 3.3x10−11 0.53 0.37, 0.74 2.9x10−4
pregnenetriol disulfate* Pregnenolone Steroid 0.73 0.69, 0.82 3.2x10−12 0.60 0.45, 0.79 4.6x10−4
17-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate* Pregnenolone Steroid 0.74 0.68, 0.82 7.4x10−10 0.48 0.36, 0.63 1.9x10−7
etiocholanolone glucuronide Androstane Steroid 0.79 0.71, 0.84 1.5x10−7 0.49 0.37, 0.63 1.7x10−7
5-androstenetriol disulfate* Androstane Steroid 0.79 0.72, 0.86 1.5x10−7 0.50 0.38, 0.65 3.1x10−7
Tetrahydrocorticosterone glucuronide‡‡ Corticosteroid 0.81 0.74, 0.88 9.9x10−7 0.74 0.58, 0.94 0.015
Steroid conjugate*‡‡ Corticosteroid 0.68 0.75, 0.90 2.9x10−21 0.73 0.55, 0.95 0.020
5alpha-androstan-3beta, 17alpha-diol disulfate Androgenic Steroid 0.81 0.74, 0.89 1.8x10−5 0.56 0.44, 0.71 1.1x10−6
16a-hydroxy-DHEA-disulfate* Androgenic Steroid 0.81 0.73, 0.89 2.5x10−5 0.54 0.42, 0.70 2.6x10−6

Generalized linear model was used to compare asthma cases with controls; Statistical significance was determined using a bonferroni threshold and false discovery rate of 0.05.

‡

The P-value thresholds for declaring significance was Bonferroni in both EPIC-Norfolk (P<5.14x10−5) and MGBB-Asthma (P<2x10−3)

‡‡

Replicated metabolites in MGBB-Asthma at FDR threshold only

Abbreviations: MGBB: Mass General Brigham Biobank

Metabolite names with an asterisk * indicate that the identity of the metabolite has not been confirmed based on an analytical standard