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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Dyslexia. 2022 May 24;72(2):276–300. doi: 10.1007/s11881-022-00254-4

Table 4.

Descriptive statistics for latent profile groups at Time 1 and Time 2 (2-Class Solution Only)

RD Profile Group TD Profile Group Cohen’s d


n Mean SD Min Max n Mean SD Min Max TD vs. RD

KTEA3 Letter & Word Recognition
 Time 1 150 78.0 11.8 40 114 176 102.6 11.5 84 158 2.11
 Time 2 133 78.3 10.5 47 99 182 101.6 10.7 79 160 2.20
KTEA3 Nonsense Word Decoding
 Time 1 154 81.4 9.5 58 111 177 100.8 12.3 77 139 1.77
 Time 2 135 79.5 8.5 58 98 186 100.9 11.1 75 134 2.16
KTEA3 Word Reading Fluency
 Time 1 151 77.64 9.67 40 97 177 97.51 9.06 76 131 2.13
 Time 2 135 77.57 9.44 40 94 186 97.78 9.88 78 138 2.09
KTEA3 Decoding Fluency
 Time 1 149 87.03 11.59 40 108 177 106.67 10.53 82 135 1.83
 Time 2 134 85.52 10.16 47 108 186 106.59 9.97 82 150 1.77
WJ-III Picture Vocabulary
 Time 1 140 60.2 15.5 11 93 162 80.8 10.2 55 102 1.57
 Time 2 122 63.5 13.4 26 100 159 80.1 10.6 45 102 1.37
WJ-III Memory for Sentences
 Time 1 140 55.7 13.4 28 105 163 78.9 12.0 49 116 1.82
 Time 2 121 57.5 13.4 25 90 157 80.1 14.3 47 115 1.63
GM Reading Comprehension
 Time 1 140 80.5 8.9 65 116 173 92.9 10.9 65 131 1.25
 Time 2 135 77.4 9.1 65 110 184 94.5 12.9 65 135 1.53

Note. KTEA3 = Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement, Third Edition; WJ-III = Woodcock Johnson, Third Edition; GM = Gates MacGinitie.