Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 78 participants present in the study sample
| All participants N = 78 |
||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Mean (SD) | min - max |
| or N (%) | ||
| Sex | ||
| Female | 44 (56.4%) | |
| Male | 34 (43.6%) | |
| Age (years) | 36.7 (12.7) | 18 - 67 |
| Years of diabetes | 20.1 (11.3) | 1.6 - 46.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.1 (4.6) | 17.6 - 42.7 |
| HbA1c | 7.4 (1.2) | 5.4 - 13.6 |
| Clarke Awareness | ||
| Aware | 35 (44.9%) | |
| Indeterminant | 17 (21.8%) | |
| Unaware | 26 (33.3%) | |
| Gold Awareness | ||
| Aware | 25 (32.1%) | |
| Indeterminant | 19 (24.4%) | |
| Unaware | 34 (43.6%) | |
| Epinephrine responsea (ng/dL) (N = 76) |
243.1 (206.7) | 23.5 - 911.2 |
| Symptom responseb (N = 77) |
19.3 (13.5) | −3.0 - 46.0 |
aThe epinephrine response during hypoglycemia was calculated by taking the difference between the average of the 3 values during hypoglycemia and the average of the 2 baseline values.
bThe symptom response was calculated as the difference between the responses during hypoglycemia and baseline.