Table 1.
Peak antibody levels subsequent to vaccination and natural infection
| Stimulus | Subjects | IgG antibody | Day* | Peak†,‡ | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mRNA-1273 | 10 | anti-S1 | 35 | 1.59125597 | (39) |
| mRNA-1273 | 52 | anti-S | 28 | 1.421908903 | (47) |
| mRNA-1273 | 8 | anti-RBD | 14 | 1.421860374 | (46) |
| mRNA-1273 | 29 | anti-S | 14 | 1.481656668 | (39) |
| mRNA-1273 | 40 | anti-RBD | 28 | 1.534648493 | (42) |
| mRNA-1273 | 199 | anti-S | 28 | 1.551304142 | (43) |
| Mean (across studies) | 24.5 | 1.500439092 | — | ||
| BNT162b2 | 21 | anti-S1 | 21 | —† | (39) |
| BNT162b2 | 119 | anti-S | 28 | —† | (47) |
| BNT162b2 | 109 | anti-S | 28 | —† | (44) |
| BNT162b2 | 3 | anti-S | 14 | —† | (48) |
| BNT162b2 | 29 | anti-S | 28 | —† | (40) |
| BNT162b2 | 54 | anti-S | 21 | —† | (45) |
| BNT162b2 | 21 | anti-RBD | 14 | —† | (46) |
| BNT162b2 | 50 | anti-RBD | 28 | —† | (42) |
| BNT162b2 | 100 | anti-S | 28 | —† | (43) |
| BNT162b2 | 3808 | anti-RBD | 30 | —† | (49) |
| BNT162b2 | 231 | anti-RBD | 7 | —† | (50) |
| BNT162b2 | 309 | anti-S | 14 | —† | (51) |
| BNT162b2 | 379¶ | anti-S | 0–29 | —† | (52) |
| BNT162b2 | 1256 | anti-S | 37 | 1.500037185 | (14) |
| Mean (across studies) | 22.7 | 1.500037185 | — | ||
| Natural infection | 1797 | anti-S1 | 34 | 1.00000‡ | (53) |
| Natural infection | 264 | anti-S1 | 28 | 1.00000‡ | (36) |
| Natural infection | 145 | anti-S1 | 56 | 1.00000‡ | (37) |
| Natural infection | 272 | anti-S | 40 | 1.00000‡ | (14) |
| Mean (across studies) | 39.5 | 1.00000‡ | — | ||
| ChAdOx1 | 29 | anti-S1 | 35 | 0.886550776 | (39) |
| ChAdOx1 | 39 | anti-S | 28 | 1.125027225 | (47) |
| ChAdOx1 | 104 | anti-S | 28 | 1.136666043 | (44) |
| ChAdOx1 | 77 | anti-S | 14 to 21 | 1.250836015 | (45) |
| Mean (across studies) | 25.2 | 1.099770015 | — | ||
| Ad26.COV2.S | 15 | anti-S | 56 | 0.974409364 | (40) |
| Ad26.COV2.S | 75 | anti-S | 56 | 0.953157648 | (43) |
| Ad26.COV2.S | 13 | anti-RBD | 56 | 0.830522868 | (42) |
| Mean (across studies)§ | 56 | 0.919363294 | — | ||
*Days after final vaccine dose (second dose for mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and ChAdOx1 or singular dose for Ad26.COV2.S) or average days post-symptom onset for natural infection.
†Reference values versus natural infection, against which all other vaccines were compared.
‡Value for natural infection assigned to equal 1.
§Antibody levels reported for Ad26.COV2.S by Horndler and colleagues (38) were not included in our quantification of the peak antibody level relative to natural infection for Ad26.COV2.S because the sampling of subjects was timed such that measurements did not necessarily represent the peak of response.
¶Average number of participants across sampling duration from Israel and colleagues (53).