Table 3.
Pre-Operative Factors Associated with High Impact or Bothersome Chronic Pain after Total Joint Arthroplasty
| Variable | High Impact Chronic Pain (n = 216 cases, n = 1273 controls) |
Bothersome Chronic Pain (n = 520 cases, n = 1273 controls) |
|---|---|---|
| Knee arthroplasty (ref: Hip) |
1.48
(95% CI = 1.07-2.04) |
1.40
(95% CI = 1.12-1.76) |
| Shoulder arthroplasty (ref: Hip) |
1.56 (95% CI = 0.89-2.75) |
1.88
(95% CI = 1.29-2.74) |
| Female (ref: Male) |
1.09 (95% CI = 0.81-1.47) |
1.36
(95% CI = 1.10-1.68) |
| Tobacco current or past (Ref: No History) |
1.30 (95% CI = 0.96-1.76) |
1.25
(95% CI = 1.01-1.55) |
| Race (Ref: White/Caucasian) |
2.00
(95% CI = 1.22-3.28) |
2.13
(95% CI = 1.47-3.08) |
| More than one surgery (Ref: One surgery) |
0.76 (95% CI = 0.48-1.20) |
0.99 (95% CI = 0.73-1.34) |
| Time from surgery to survey (Ref: more than 24) |
1.40
(95% CI = 1.02-1.93) |
1.13 (95% CI = 0.90-1.42) |
| Pre-operative pain score (Ref: 4/10 or lower) |
1.53
(95% CI = 1.13-2.07) |
1.08 (95% CI = 0.94-1.46) |
| Age at first surgery (Ref: 65 or older) |
1.58
(95% CI = 1.15-2.16) |
1.17 (95% CI = 0.68-1.06) |
| BMI (Ref: less than 30.0) |
1.31 (95% CI = 0.97-1.77) |
1.11 (95% CI = 0.89-1.37) |
| Comorbidity (Ref: 0-1) |
1.80
(95% CI = 1.23-2.65) |
1.19 (95% CI = 0.88-1.61) |
• Completed cases approach was used after missing values analyses indicated patterns of missing at random
• Sample size for cases and controls correspond with total number of individuals providing data for the regression model. In both models controls were the same individuals
• Odds ratios are adjusted for all other variables