TABLE 2.

Weighted Multivariable Logistic Regression for Opioids Administered in the ED (ED-RX)

Variable	OR	95% CI		P
Age, y	1.08	1.05	1.10	<0.0001
Geographic region
Midwest vs Northeast	2.33	1.61	3.38	<0.0001
South vs Northeast	3.01	2.14	4.22	<0.0001
West vs Northeast	2.84	2.05	3.934	<0.0001
Year
2014 vs 2018	2.40	1.71	3.36	<0.0001
2015 vs 2018	2.25	1.60	3.14	<0.0001
2016 vs 2018	1.68	1.15	2.46	0.008
2017 vs 2018	1.48	1.04	2.09	0.03
Pain scale	1.34	1.29	1.38	<0.0001
No. nonopioid medications given in the ED	2.05	1.92	2.19	<0.0001
Nonnarcotic analgesics given, yes vs no	0.46	0.37	0.57	<0.0001
Imaging ordered
CT scan, yes vs no	2.12	1.68	2.68	<0.0001
X-ray, yes vs no	1.63	1.30	2.06	<0.0001
Injury discharge diagnoses
Fracture, yes vs no	5.24	3.73	7.35	<0.0001