TABLE 3.

Weighted Multivariable Logistic Regression for Opioids Prescribed at ED Discharge (DC-RX)

Variable	OR	95% CI		P
Age, y	1.14	1.11	1.17	<0.0001
Race, White vs other	1.32	1.05	1.67	0.02
Geographic region
Midwest vs Northeast	2.58	1.81	3.67	<0.0001
South vs Northeast	3.93	2.85	5.43	<0.0001
West vs Northeast	3.27	2.38	4.49	<0.0001
Year
2014 vs 2018	3.12	2.13	4.57	<0.0001
2015 vs 2018	2.53	1.75	3.64	<0.0001
2016 vs 2018	1.99	1.41	2.82	0.0001
2017 vs 2018	1.41	0.98	2.03	0.07
Expected source of payment
Medicaid/CHIP/State-based vs private	0.73	0.60	0.91	0.004
Other vs private	0.95	0.74	1.22	0.7
Pain scale	1.22	1.18	1.25	<0.0001
Systolic blood pressure	1.01	1.00	1.01	0.02
Diastolic blood pressure	1.01	1.00	1.01	0.2
No. nonopioid medications prescribed at discharge	1.26	1.17	1.35	<0.0001
No. nonopioid medications given in the ED	1.10	1.05	1.16	0.0001
Nonopioid analgesics ordered, yes vs no	0.76	0.62	0.92	0.006
Injury discharge diagnoses
Fracture, yes vs no	5.91	4.24	8.25	<0.0001
Contusion, yes vs no	1.38	1.09	1.74	0.007
Sports injury, yes vs no	1.51	1.04	2.19	0.0
Pain related discharge diagnoses
Abdominal, yes vs no	4.11	2.19	7.69	<0.0001
Pain-related reason for visit
Tooth, yes vs no	5.47	3.84	7.79	<0.0001
Chest, yes vs no	0.37	0.23	0.59	<0.0001
Imaging ordered
CT Scan, yes vs no	1.33	1.02	1.73	0.04
X-ray, yes vs no	1.57	1.29	1.90	<0.0001
Emergency residency program
No vs yes	0.84	0.63	1.13	0.2