Table 38. – 2015 update of the Jones criteria.

First outbreak of rheumatic fever	Rheumatic fever recurrence
2 major criteria; or 1 major criterion and at least 2 minor criteria	2 major criteria; or 1 major criterion and at least 2 minor criteria; or 3 minor criteria
Low-risk population (<2/100,000 cases of acute rheumatic fever per year and <1/1,000 cases of rheumatic valve disease per year)	Moderate- or high-risk population (<2/100,000 cases of acute rheumatic fever per year and <1/1,000 cases of rheumatic valve disease per year)
Major criteria	Major criteria
– Carditis (clinical or subclinical)	– Carditis (clinical or subclinical)
– Arthritis (polyarthritis only)	– Arthritis (polyarthritis only, polyarthralgia, and/or monoarthritis)
– Chorea	– Chorea
– Erythema marginatum	– Erythema marginatum
– Subcutaneous nodule	– Subcutaneous nodule
Minor criteria	Minor criteria
– Polyarthralgia	– Monoarthralgia
– Fever (≥38.5°C)	– Fever (≥38°C)
– Elevated ESR (>60 mm in the first hour) and/or CRP > upper reference limit)	– Elevated ESR (>60 mm in the first hour) and/or CRP > upper reference limit)
– Prolonged PR interval corrected for age (in the absence of carditis)	– Prolonged PR interval corrected for age (in the absence of carditis)
Evidence of a preceding group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection (positive throat culture; positive rapid test; scarlet fever; increased titers of anti-streptococcal antibodies)	Evidence of preceding group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection (positive throat culture; positive rapid test; scarlet fever; increased titers of anti-streptococcal antibodies)

CRP: C-reactive protein; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate.