| Dried and smoked Garcinia cambogia fruit rinds |
(−)-HCA |
UV Spectrophotometry |
Reliable, sensitive and
specific method for HCA determination |
828 μg/mL of HCA was
resulted from 100 g G. cambogia and the absorbance
was measured at 467 nm after addition of sodium meta vanadate solution |
(44) |
|
G. cambogia fruit rinds |
Xanthochymol and isoxanthochymol |
LC/ESI–MS/MS |
Sensitive, short analysis
time and selective |
The limits of detection
for xanthochymol and isoxanthochymol were 1.0 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL,
and xanthochymol was quantified (4.93 ng/mL) |
(54) |
| Dried
leaves of G. cambogia, G. indica, G. xanthochymus, and G.
morella
|
(−)-HCA,
lactone,
and citric acid |
HPLC |
Rapid and sensitive methods
in isolation of HCA and lactones |
The amount of (−)-HCA,
lactone, and citric acid in G. cambogia were estimated
at 7.95%w/w, 3.25%w/w, and 0.13%w/w, respectively |
(45) |
| The fruit rinds of G. cambogia
|
Isoxanthochymol and camboginol |
(LC/ESI-MS/MS) |
A validated, sensitive and
selective, rapid method |
The limits of detection
for isoxanthochymol and camboginol were 2.0 and 5.0 ng/mL and quantified
11.3 and 57.7 ng/mL, respectively |
(55) |
|
G. cambogia fruit rinds |
HCA |
HPLC-UV |
Selective
method for HCA
analysis, validated for levels ranging from 2–10 mg/mL with acceptable reproducibility
and accuracy |
The
method showed good reproducibility
and accuracy at concentrations ranging from 2 to 10 μg of HCA.
The mean recovery of the HCA from G. cambogia extracts
ranged from 98.4–100.5% |
(8) |
| Fruit
rinds of G.
cambogia
|
Isoxanthochymol and camboginol |
HPLC-LC-ESI-MS |
Validated in terms of repeatability
and precision |
LOD
and LOQ were 5 and 10
g/mL for isoxanthochymol and 50 and 100 g/mL for camboginol, respectively.
The intra- and interday precisions were 2.34% and 3.41% for isoxanthochymol
and 3.35% and 3.66% for camboginol. Quantification of isoxanthochymol
and camboginol in Garcinia extracts were 16.6 and
88.2 mg/g |
(56) |
| Fruit rinds of 8 different Garcinia species |
α-mangostin, β-mangostin,
γ-mangostin, xanthochymol, and isoxanthochymol |
UHPLC-PDA |
The method is accurate,
precise, linear, and reproducible |
xanthochymol, and isoxanthochymol
were detected in different Garcinia species extracts
and in G. cambogia was 21.42 and 0.89%w/w, respectively |
(57) |
| Ten herbal products that
included either G. cambogia or G. indica
|
(−)-hydroxycitric
acid and (−)-hydroxycitric acid lactone |
1H NMR |
Rapid, no need for additional
cleanup of extracts or derivatization, possible to detect of all kind
of organic molecules in the same sample, highly reproducible with
little instrument-instrument variation, noninvasive, and nondestructive
method |
(−)-hydroxycitric
acid and (−)-hydroxycitric acid lactone content in G. cambogia and G. indica ranged from 1.7%
to 16.3%, and 3.5% to 20.7% respectively. |
(53) |
|
Garcinia commercial formulation, 20 mg/kg in
rat plasma |
HCA |
UPLC–MS/MS |
Highly sensitive, accurate,
precise and linear method for determination of HCA quality control
in rat plasma |
the
concentration range
of precision was 10.5–5000 ng/mL,
LLOQ, 31.25 ng/mL |
(59) |
| Human plasma |
HCA |
UPLC-MS/MS |
Rapid, selective and sensitive
UPLC-MS/MS method |
5.02–12.01% (CV%) 0.29 to
9.20% (RE%). Linearity range 0.05–10 μg/mL |
(58) |
| Human plasma |
HCA |
GC-MS |
The derivatizing reagent
used was N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)fluoroacetamide and
10% trimethylchlorosilane |
HCA plasma level ranged
from 0.8 to 8.4 mg/mL 30 min and 2
h after ingestion of 2 g HCA, respectively |
(50) |
