Table 2.
Characteristics of TGA patients reported with HeartMate 3.
| Author, publication year | Patient profile | Diagnosis | Previous surgical procedure (age) | VAD implant year | Techniques, procedural challenges, and possible consequences | Length on VAD | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tadokoro N et al., 2020 [1] | 34 years old male | ccTGA | Tricuspid valve replacement (2 years) Re-tricuspid valve replacement (16 years) | 2020 | HeartMate 3 was positioned anteriorly and towards the tricuspid valve | 42 days | On VAD |
| Tadokoro N et al., 2020 [1] | 40 years old male | TGA, VSD | Balloon atrial septostomy (1 month) Mustard, VSD closure (4 months) Pulmonary artery banding (22 years) |
2020 | The inserted VAD rotated the heart clockwise and deformed the subpulmonic LV structure. Although the LV hemodynamics were preserved, it may be a limiting factor in the long term of this VAD for TGA patients with a previous atrial switch. | 70 days | On VAD |
| Gyoten T et al., 2020 [4] | 35 years old male | ccTGA | Pulmonary artery banding (15 years) | 2018 | They used a beating heart technique for this patient, who then required additional temporary extracorporeal life support after the operation. | 24 months | On VAD |
| White CW et al., 2020 [5] | 46 years old male | TGA, VSD | Mustard, VSD closure (1st decade of life) | NA | The right ventricle was densely adherent to the sternum and it was thought that the sternum might push the inflow cannula deep in the ventricle. For this reason, they inserted the inflow cannula into the apex of the systemic right ventricle, using a left anterior thoracotomy and extensive resection of the right ventricular trabeculae. | NA | On VAD |
| Zhu A et al., 2020 [6] | 36 years old female | TGA | Mustard (NA) | NA | They repaired an unrepaired partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and revised a Mustard baffle before implanting the HeartMate 3. This was done to prevent cyanosis due to intracardiac shunting and to reduce subpulmonic ventricular failure after the surgery. | NA | On VAD |
ccTGA, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries; LV, left ventricle; NA, not available; TGA, transposition of the great arteries; VAD, ventricular assist device; VSD, ventricular septal defect.