Table 1.
Demographics and characteristics of enrolled patients (kinin peptides, MPO-DNA analyses).
| Control (n = 19) | COVID-19 (n = 21) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age – mean (SD), year | 69·2 (7·6) | 64·9 (9·6) |
| Male sex – no.(%) | 14 (73·7%) | 15 (71·4%) |
| Caucasians – no.(%) | 19 (100·0%) | 20 (95·2%) |
| Body-mass Indexa, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 25·3 (3·8) | 27·2 (3·6) |
| Arterial hypertension – no.(%) | 11 (57·9%) | 16 (76·2%) |
| Diabetes mellitus – no.(%) | 8 (42·1%) | 10 (47·6%) |
| Chronic use of | ||
| Statins – no.(%) | 5 (26·3%) | 14 (66·7%) |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors – no.(%) | 5 (26·3%) | 10 (47·6%) |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers – no.(%) | 3 (15·8%) | 2 (9·5%) |
| Active smoking – no(%) | 3 (15·8%) | 2 (9·5%) |
| Onset symptoms till BAL, mean (SD), days | 11·5 (10·3) | 21·7 (8·4) |
| Intensive care unit admission – no.(%) | 6 (31·6%) | 19 (90·5%) |
| Ventilatory support at time of sampling | ||
| No respiratory support – no.(%) | 6 (31·6%) | 0 (0·0%) |
| Non-invasive ventilation no.(%) | 11 (57·9%) | 2 (9·5%) |
| Mechanical ventilation – no.(%) | 2 (10·5%) | 17 (81·0%) |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation – no.(%) | 0 (0·0%) | 2 (9·5%) |
| Biochemical signs of hyperinflammationb - no.(%) | 3 (15·8%) | 10 (47·6%) |
| Death in hospital – no.(%) | 2 (10·5%) | 2 (9·5%) |
Data are means +/- standard deviation or n (%). Characteristics that differ between patients with and without COVID-19 are shown in bold. Percentages may not add to 100 because of rounding.
a
The body-mass index is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.
b
’Biochemical signs of hyperinflammation’ is defined as: (a) absolute lymphocyte count < 1000 cells/mL and (b) two of the following: i. ferritin > 800 ng/mL ii. LDH > 400 U/L iii. D-Dimers > 1000 ng/mL iiii. CRP > 100 mg/L.